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UP10 Chapter 5

States of Consciousness

QuestionAnswer
Stage 1 Sleep The state of transition between wakefulness and sleep, characterized by relatively rapid, low amplitude brain waves.
Stage 2 Sleep A sleep deeper than that of stage 1, characterized by a slower, more regular wave pattern, along with momentary interruptions of "sleep spindles."
Stage 3 Sleep A sleep characterized by slow brain waves, with greater peaks and valleys in the wave pattern than in stage 2 sleep.
Stage 4 Sleep The deepest stage of sleep, during which we are least responsive to outside stimulation.
Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep Sleep occupying 20 percent of an adult's sleeping time, characterized by increased heart rate; erection; eye movements; and the experience of dreaming.
Unconscious Wish Fulfillment Theory Sigmund Freud's theory that dreams represent unconscious wishes that dreamers desire to see fulfilled.
Latent Content of Dreams According to Freud, the "disguised" meanings of dreams, hidden by more obvious subjects.
Manifest Content of Dreams According to Freud, the apparent story line of dreams.
Dreams-For-Survival Theory The theory suggesting that dreams permit information that is critical for our daily survival to be reconsidered and repressed during sleep.
Activation-Synthesis Theory Hobson's Theory that the brain produces random electrical energy during REM sleep that stimulated memories stored in the brain.
Circadian Rhythms Biological processes that occur regularly on approximately a 24-hour cycle.
Daydreams Fantasies that people construct while awake.
Hypnosis A trance-like state of heightened susceptibility to the suggestions of others.
Meditation A learned technique for refocusing attention that brings about an altered state of consciousness.
Psychoactive Drugs Drugs that influence a person's emotions, perceptions, and behavior.
Addictive Drugs Drugs that produce a biological or psychological dependence in the user so that withdrawal from them leads to a craving for the drug that, in some cases, may be nearly irresistible.
Stimulants Drugs that have an arousal effect on the central nervous system, causing a rise in heart rate, blood pressure, and muscular tension.
Depressants Drugs that slow down the nervous system.
Narcotics Drugs that increase relaxation and relieve pain and anxiety.
Hallucinogen A drug that is capable of producing hallucinations, or changes in the perceptual process.
Created by: lizhopper2
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