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Philosophy Midterm
Dr. Anton's Ethics and Aesthetics midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Metaethics | the study of the origin and meaning of ethical concepts: moral semantics, moral epistemology, metaphysical issues concerning whether morality exists independently of humans |
| Normative Ethics | theories that aim to arrive at moral standards that regulate right and wrong conduct (i.e. The Golden Rule) |
| Applied Ethics | |
| Relativism | |
| Psychological Egoism | self-oriented interests ultimately motivate all human action |
| Ethical Egoism | |
| Altruism | desire to act on another's behalf in that person's best interest and to the agent's own detriment |
| Why is psychological egoism incompatible with altruism? | |
| Emotivism | moral judgments are, at the bottom, expressions of one's emotional preferences. They have an emotive aspect that amounts to a celebration of the judgment and a prescriptive aspect that amounts to encouragement that others follow the judgement (A.J. Ayer) |
| male moralities vs. female moralities | Male-centered morality focuses on areas of society that have been "male-dominated" Female centered morality: morality of nurturing, caring, spontaneous emotional reactions to problems |
| virtue ethics | |
| Cardinal Virtues | wisdom, courage, temperance, and justice |
| Theological Virtues | faith, hope, and charity |
| Duty Theories | "deon" for necessity-what must be done rule-based Nonconsequentialist There are contstraints-there are some things one must never do even if doing them would bring about good consequences |
| Deontology | |
| Pufendorf | Duties to God, Duties to Oneself, Duties to others |
| Rights | a justified claim against another person's behavior; if one person holds a right, that right imposes a duty on others not to violate the right |
| Locke | |
| Kant's Ethics | |
| W.D. Ross | |
| Consequentialisms | |
| Basic aspects of Bentham and Mill's theories | |
| Ideal Utilitarianism (G.E. Moore) | |
| Preference Utilitarianism (R.M. Hare) | |
| What is a Social Contract Theory? | |
| Motivational Internalism (strong and weak) | |
| Motivational Externalism | |
| Relational property | |
| Ethics | |
| Aesthetics | |
| Epistemology | |
| Metaphysics | |
| Ontology | |
| Logic | |
| Voluntarism | |
| Prima Facie Duties | |
| Utilitarianism | |
| act utilitarianism | |
| rule utilitarianism | |
| teleology | |
| Eudaimonism | |
| Formalist | |
| Purists | |
| Modernizers | |
| closed concept | |
| open concept | |
| "Family resemblance" | |
| Institutional Definition of Art | |
| Autonomism | |
| Moralism | |
| Intensional object | |
| Extensional object | |
| Performance works | |
| object works | |
| 4 Types of Character | |
| 2 Types of Virtue | |
| The Doctrine of the Mean | |
| The Unity of the Virtues | |
| Argument for why something must be intrinsically good | |
| Relationship between virtue and happiness (eudaimonia) | |
| What makes something good? | |
| Parts of the soul | |
| The Euthyphro Problem | |
| Ring of Gyges | |
| Two rings scenario | |
| Censorship of poets in the Republic | |
| Problems with the definition of "piety" in Euthyphro dialogue | |
| 3 Types of Goods | |
| What type of good is justice according to Socrates? | |
| What type of good is justice according to the average person? | |
| The "social contract" which Thrasymachus supposes created justice | |
| Fully just man vs. Fully unjust man | |
| Sun | |
| Line | |
| Cave | |
| Frank Sibley | |
| Wilhelm Wundt | |
| Monroe Beardsley | |
| Joseph Margolis | |
| Roger Taylor | |
| Jerome Stolnitz | |
| Edward Bullough | |
| George Dickie | |
| The New Criticism | |
| Nelson Goodman | |
| Representation | |
| Formalist definition of art (i.e. Clive Bell) | |
| Expression | |
| R.G. Collingwood | |
| Communication theorists | |
| Langer | |
| Creative Process Theory | |
| Hospers & Bouwsma | |
| Guy Sircello |
Created by:
TaylorAnn1993
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