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Psychology Ch.9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| diagnostic tool designed to measure overall thinking ability | intelligence test |
| capacity to understand hypothetical concepts | abstract thinking |
| hypothetical factor that accounts for overall differences in intellect among people | g(general intelligence) |
| particular ability level in a narrow domain | s(specific intelligence) |
| capacity to learn new ways of solving problems | fluid intelligence |
| accumulated knowledge of the world acquired over time | crystallized intelligence |
| idea that people vary in their ability levels across different domains of intellectual skills | multiple intelligence |
| model of intelligence proposed by Robert Sternberg positing three distinct types of intelligence: analytical, practical, and creative | triarchic model |
| intelligence test based on the measure developed by Binet and Simon, adapted by Lewis Terman | Stanford-Binet IQ test |
| systematic means of quantifying differences among people in their intelligence | intelligence quotient (IQ) |
| age corresponding to the average individual's performance on an intelligence test | mental age |
| expression of a person's IQ relative to his or her same-aged peers | deviation IQ |
| movement in the early 20th century to improve a population's genetic stock by encouraging those with good genes to reproduce, preventing those with bad genes from reproducing, or both | eugenics |
| most widely used intelligence test for adults today, consisting of 15 subtests to assess different types of mental abilities | Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) |
| abstract reasoning measure that doesn't depend on language and is often believed to be less influenced by cultural factors than other IQ tests | culture-fair IQ test |
| distribution of scores in which the bulk of the scores fall toward the middle, with progressively fewer scores toward the "tails" or extremes | bell curve |
| condition characterized by an onset prior to adulthood, and IQ below about 70, and an inability to engage in adequate daily functioning | mental retardation |
| finding that average IQ scores have been rising at a rate of approximately three points per decade | Flynn effect |
| extent to which the variability of a trait within a group is genetically influenced | within-group heritability |
| extent to which differences in a trait between groups is genetically influenced | between-group heritability |
| tendency of a test to predict outcomes better in one group than another | test bias |
| fear that we may confirm a negative group stereotype | stereotype threat |
| capacity to generate many different solutions to a problem | divergent thinking |
| capacity to generate the single best solution to a problem | convergent thinking |
| application of intelligence toward a common good | wisdom |
| ability to solve real-world problems, especially those involving other people "street smarts" | practical intelligence |
| ability to come up with novel and effective answers to questions | creative intelligence |
| ability to be able to reason logically "book smarts" | analytical intelligence |
| knowledge of our own knowledge | metacognitive skills |
| the tendency to stop responding to repeated presentations of the same stimulus | habituation |
| susceptibility to being duped by others | gullibility |
| tendency of researchers to unintentionally influence the outcome of studies | experimenter expectancy effect |
Created by:
rlhaas
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