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Anti-Cholinergics

belladonna

QuestionAnswer
Parasympatholytic Fx Mydriasis, cycloplegia, dry eyes, xerostomia + dec gastric secretions, GI + bladder relaxation (high dose), tachycardia (vagus block), no change in BV, bronchodilation (prevention of bronchoconstriction)
Tropicamide, Homatropine, Cyclopentolate Retinal examination: mydriatic + cycloplegic fx. DoA 30-90 mins. SEs: blurred near vision, light sensitivity (minimal systemic fx)
Atropine Cholinergic OD: SLUDGE, organoph. Coronary care: inc HR w/o changing BP. Surgery: prevent mouth + lung secretions. Retinal exam: mydriatic + cycloplegic fx (days). Atropine flush: vasodilation of skin, inc temp, inhibition of sweating (red, hot, dry skin)
Ipratropium + Tiotropium COPD/Asthma: bronchodilation (preventative vs. rescue); inhalation only due to CNS activity. SEs: xerostomia at low doses
Dicyclomine Abdominal cramps: GI smooth muscle relaxation decreases peristalsis/cramping. SEs: systemic
Oxybutynin Overactive bladder: detrusor relaxation/sphincter contraction. High incidence of SEs: xerostomia*, blurred vision, constipation (M3), drowsiness, DZ, confusion (M1, elderly)
Tolterodine Overactive bladder: detrusor relaxation/sphincter contraction. Better tolerated
Trospium Overactive bladder: detrusor relaxation/sphincter contraction. 4°N limits CNS SEs
Solifenacin + Darifenicin Overactive bladder: detrusor relaxation/sphincter contraction. M3 selectivity reduces CNS SEs
Nicotine Stimulates Nn (CNS > ganglia) at low doses; overstimulation -> desensitization due to depolarizing blockade (ANS/CV collapse). Rapidly delivered to brain due to lipophilicity. Inhalation + IV > buccal + transdermal
Hexamethonium Ganglionic blocker - dramatic dec in BP with no BRR. SEs: urinary retention, constipation, sexual dysfunc
Trimethaphan Ganglionic blocker - dramatic dec in BP with no BRR. SEs: urinary retention, constipation, sexual dysfunc
Mecamylamine Ganglionic blocker - dramatic dec in BP with no BRR. SEs: urinary retention, constipation, sexual dysfunc
Created by: 1148100386
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