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Sci- Ch.2-4
Physical Science- Ch.2-4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the two main properties of mass? | Contain matter, take up space |
| What is volume? | The amount of space an object takes up |
| What are the units of volume often used for liquids? | Liter(L) and Milliliters(mL) |
| What is the curve at a liquid's surface by which one measures the volume of the liquid? | Meniscus |
| How can you measure the volume of an irregularly shaped solid? | Measure the volume of water that the object displaces |
| What is mass? | The amount of matter in an object |
| Does the location of an object affect its mass? | No |
| What is weight? | Measure of gravitational force exerted on an object |
| What unit is weight expressed in? | Newtons |
| Does the location of an object in the universe affect its weight? | Yes |
| What is mass measured by? | Triple Beam Balance |
| What is weight measured with? | Spring scale |
| What is the SI unit of mass? | Kilogram(kg), but is often expressed by grams and milligrams |
| What is intertia? | The tendency of an object to resist being moved or, if the object is moving, to resist a change in speed or direction. |
| The more mass an object has.... | The greater its intertia. |
| What is a physical property? | Can be observed or measured without changing the matter’s identity. |
| What are the six main physical properties in identifying a substance?density | density, state, malleability, ductility,thermal conductivity, solubility |
| What is density? | The amount of matter in a given space or volume |
| What is the format of liquid layers? | Liquid with the lowest density on top, liquid with most density at bottom |
| How can the density of an object affect how it sinks or floats in water? | If it has a greater density than water, it will sink. Vice Versa |
| How can you find the density of an object? | d=m/v |
| Does temp. or pressure have an affect on density? | no |
| What is a physical change? | change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance; does not change identity of substance |
| What are common examples of a physical change? | State change,Dissolving,cutting, bending, melting |
| What is a chemical property? | a property of matter that describes a substance's ability to participate in chemical reactions; forms a new substance with different properties |
| What are common examples of chemical properties? | flammability, reactivity, |
| What is a chemical change? | a change that occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties ex: soured milk |
| What are some signs of chemical changes? | a change in color or odor, production of heat, fizzing and foaming, and sound or light being given off. |
| How can you undo a chemical change? | use other chemical changes on it. |
| What is the major difference in chemical and physical changes? | Physical changes do NOT change the composition; chemical changes do |
| What are the states of matter? | physical forms in which an object can exist as; solid, gas, liquid, plasma |
| Particles of a solid... | do not move fast enough to overcome the strong attraction between them; so they are close together and vibrate in one place |
| Particles of a liquid... | move fast enough to overcome some attraction between them. Particles are close together but can still slide past one another. |
| Particles of a gas... | move fast enough to overcome almost all attraction; particles are far apart and move independently from one another. |
| What is a solid? | state of matter that has defined shape and volume |
| What are the two types of solids? | crystalline and amorphous |
| What are some characteristics of crystalline solids? | very orderly, three-dimensional arrangement of particles. The particles of crystalline solids are in a repeating pattern of rows. Iron, diamond, and ice are examples of crystalline solids. |
| What are some characteristic of amorphous solids? | do not have a special arrangement. So, each particle is in one place, but the particles are not arranged in a pattern. Examples of amorphous solids are glass, rubber, and wax. |
| What is a liquid? | state of matter with defined volume but takes shape of its container |
| What is surface tension? | force that acts on the particles at the surface of a liquid. Different liquids have different surface tensions. For example, gasoline has a very low surface tension and forms flat drops. |
| What is viscocity? | liquid’s resistance to flow. |
| What is a gas? | state of matter that doesnt have definite shape or volume |
| What is temperature? | measure of how fast the particles in an object are moving. |
| What is pressure? | The amount of force exerted on a given area of surface |
| What is Boyle's Law? | for a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature, the volume of the gas is inversely related to the pressure. So, as the pressure of a gas increases, the volume decreases by the same amount |
| What is Charle's Law? | states that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant pressure, the volume of the gas changes in the same way that the temperature of the gas changes. So, if the temperature increases, the volume of gas also increases by the same amount. |
| What is a change of state? | conversion of a substance from one physical form to another. |
| Energy is added during endothermic changes. Energy is removed during exothermic changes | The temperature of a substance does not change during a change of state. |
| The freezing point and the melting point of a substance are the same temperature | |
| What is condensation? | change of a gas to a liquid. It is the reverse of evaporation. |
| What is sublimation? | changes a solid directly to a gas |
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kayla26tran
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