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SC Vocab 13,14,15

Science vocabulary for chapters 13, 14, and fifteen

QuestionAnswer
the combining of atoms to form molecules or ionic compounds chemical bonding
an interaction that holds atoms or ions together chemical bond
bond that forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another resulting in a +ion and a -ion ionic bond
an electron found in the outermost shell of an atom and determines its chemical properties valence electron
a charged particle that forms when an atom or group gains or loses one or more electrons ion
the regular pattern in which a crystal is arranged crystal lattice
bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons covalent bond
smallest unit of a substance that keeps all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance molecule
a bond formed by attraction between positively charged metal ions and electrons around them metallic bond
process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances chemical reaction
solid produced as a result of a chemical reaction in solution precipitate
a combo of chem symbols and #s to represent a substance chemical formula
representation of a chem reaction that uses symbols to show the relationship btwn reactants and products chemical equation
substance or molecule that participates in a chem reaction reactant
substance that forms in a chem reaction product
states matter cannot be created/destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes law of conservation of mass
reaction in which 2+/- substances combine to form a new compound synthesis reaction
reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more simpler substances decomposition reaction
reaction in which one element or radical takes place of another element or radical in a compound single-displacement reaction
reaction in which a gas, solid precipitate, or molecular compound forms from the exchange of ions btwn two compounds double-displacement reaction
chem reaction in which heat is released to surroundings exothermic reaction
chem reaction that requires energy input endothermic reaction
states energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed form one form to another law of conservation of energy
minimum amount of energy required to start a chem reaction activation energy
substance that slows down or stops a chem reaction inhibitor
substance that speeds up rate of a chem reaction without being used up or changed much catalyst
combining of atoms to form molecules or compounds chemical bond
compound made of oppositely charged ions ionic compound
chem compound formed by the sharing of electrons covalent compound
any compound that increases # of hydronium ions when dissolved in water acid
compound that can reversibly change color depending on conditions such as pH indicator
any compound that increased # of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water base
reaction of an acid and a base to form a neutral solution of water and salt neutralization reaction
a value that is used to express the acidity of basicity (alkalinity) of a system pH
an ionic compound that forms when a metal atom replaces the hydrogen of an acid salt
covalent compound that contains carbon organic compound
organic compound composed only of carbon and hydrogen hydrocarbon
class of energy-giving nutrients that include sugars, starches, and fiber; composed of one or more simple sugars bonded together carbohydrate
biochemicals that don't dissolve in water ex: fats, steroids lipid
biochemical compound of amino acids; needed to build/repair body structures and regulate processes in the body protein
molecule made up of subunits called nucleotides nucleic acid
Created by: Tsarmina
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