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pharm test
exam 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A nurse is caring for an obese pt who is 3 days postop. Upon assessment, the nurse discovers that the pt is SOB, has respirations of 32/minute, and is coughing up pink, frothy sputum. The nurse should anticipate the administration of which medication? | Furosemide (Lasix) |
| A nurse is caring for a patient with meningitis who is receiving spironolactone (Aldactone). A prescriber writes an order for potassium penicillin. What considerations should the nurse focus on prior to administration? | Obtain the serum potassium levels. |
| A patient has 2+ pitting edema of the lower extremities bilaterally; auscultation of the lungs reveals crackles bilaterally; and the serum potassium level is 6 mEq/L. Which diuretic agent ordered by the prescriber should the nurse question? | Spironolactone (Aldactone) |
| When giving mannitol (Osmitrol), the nurse is aware that the therapeutic goal of this drug is to | reduce intracranial pressure. |
| A patient has been taking furosemide (Lasix) for 6 months. A prescriber has just started the patient on digoxin (Lanoxin). Which of the following assessment data should most concern the nurse prior to the administration of digoxin? | Apical pulse rate of 56 beats per minute |
| A pt admitted with an infected right stump secondary to a (BKA) also has heart failure. The pt is taking the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin (Garamycin) and the diuretic furosemide (Lasix). What pt education should the nurse include? | report any ringing in the ears or dizziness |
| A nurse is discussing the mechanism of action of spironolactone (Aldactone) with a group of nurses. The nurse states that spironolactone has been demonstrated to prolong survival as well as improve heart failure symptoms by which of the following actions? | Blocking receptors for aldosterone |
| Upon assessment a patient is found to have evidence of respiratory compromise from pulmonary edema. A nurse prepares to administer 40 mg of furosemide (Lasix) IV. How should the nurse administer the drug | Give it in an IV push over 2 minutes. |
| The nurse is assessing the laboratory values of a patient who has just begun taking a thiazide diuretic. The nurse should be concerned about administering the diuretic if which finding is present? | Serum potassium of 3 mEq/L |
| A nurse is reviewing lab results and discovers a magnesium level 3.5 mEq/L. The pt complains of muscle weakness & feeling sleepy. Pt has been receiving magnesium sulfate IV. Nurse should immediately prepare to administer which of the following medications | Calcium gluconate |
| A patient is receiving a rapid infusion of hypertonic sodium chloride solution. To guard against too much fluid being infused too rapidly, a nurse frequently assesses the patient for which of the following findings? | Distended neck veins |
| Pt admitted to a unit w/ extreme fatigue & history of fluid overload, for which he pt takes furosemide (Lasix). Prescriber orders 10 mEq potassium chloride IV for an adult pt w/ a potassium level 2.9 mEq/L. How will the nurse administer the potassium dose | Diluted and infused over 1 hour |
| A patient taking digoxin (Lanoxin) is admitted to the hospital. During the physical assessment, the patient complains of muscle weakness. The nurse would be correct to suspect which of the following electrolyte imbalances? | Hypokalemia |
| A nurse understands that a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant would be indicated for a patient with which of the following health alterations | Narcolepsy |
| A pt has been admitted to the hospital for complications associated w/obesity. Nurse has received an order for the pt for dextroamphetamine sulfate 15 mg, IV every 6 hrs. This situation, nurse’s next action would be which of the following interventions | Call the prescriber because the route of administration of the drug is incorrect. |
| A 7-year-old child is to begin taking methylphenidate (Ritalin SR) twice daily. The nurse should teach the parents to monitor the child closely for which of the following side effects of methylphenidate? | Insomnia |
| A nurse counsels an 8-year-old child and the parents about the methylphenidate (Concerta LD) that was just prescribed for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. What information should the nurse provide regarding administration of the drug? | Do not crush or chew the medication |
| While providing patient education for a patient who has been prescribed modafinil (Provigil), the nurse should explain that this drug differs from amphetamines in which of the following ways? | Modafinil will not disrupt nighttime sleep. |
| Toddler is brought to ED by ambulance. Parents state they think the child got into something at friends house. Nursing assessment reveals stiffness in the face & neck & hyperreflexes. Nurse is correct to suspect ingestion of which of the following agents? | Strychnine |
| Adolescent has been prescribed atomoxetine (Strattera) for ADHD. During the H&H, the parents state that they hope this medication will improve the girl’s ability to make friends, because at times she seems so sad. In the discharge instructions to the pt & | Atomoxetine can cause suicidal thinking. |
| A nurse prepares to collect a health history from a patient with narcolepsy. Which of the following is the most appropriate way for the nurse to facilitate acquisition of the health history from this patient? | Short, focused interview sessions that require the patient’s active participation |
| A patient is being treated for muscle spasms. A nurse is preparing to administer a prn medication for this patient. The nurse is aware that the only benzodiazepine commonly used to relieve muscle spasm is which of the following? | Diazepam (Valium) |
| A nurse is acting as a preceptor to a graduate nurse. They are discussing the differences between various medications. The nurses understand that, in contrast to the barbiturates, the benzodiazepines have which principal mechanism of action? | They have limited central nervous system depression effects. |
| A nurse is making patient rounds and determines that one of the patients is having paradoxical symptoms related to the use of benzodiazepines. Which of the following symptoms would the patient manifest? | Insomnia, excitation, euphoria, and rage |
| A drug representative is providing education on barbiturates to the nurses on a unit. The drug representative correctly explains that most barbiturates are considered nonselective central nervous system depressants, with the exception of | phenobarbital (Luminal). |
| Two nursing students studying pharmacology are discussing the contraindications to the use of barbiturates. Which statement made by one of the students best demonstrates an understanding of the use of barbiturates? | Barbiturates should not be used in patients with suicidal tendencies. |
| Pt reports awaken up at 1am after 2 hours of sleep & is unable to return to sleep for several hours. Pt is becomin anxious and requests a sleeping med that wont cause a hangover. Nurse would anticipate the prescriber to order which of the following drugs | Zaleplon (Sonata) |
| In a review class on medications, nurses are discussing the actions of zolpidem (Ambien) and benzodiazepines. A nurse correctly states that the actions of zolpidem (Ambien) do not produce which of the following effects that benzodiazepines do? | Reduce anxiety |
| A patient taking fluoxetine (Prozac) complains of insomnia. The nurse reports the patient’s complaint to the prescriber and should anticipate that which of the following medications would be ordered? | Trazodone (Desyrel) |
| A patient is brought to the emergency department in a state of extreme uncontrolled anxiety. The prescriber orders a benzodiazepine. A nurse understands that benzodiazepines are used in this clinical situation based on which of the following principles? | Benzodiazepines have a rapid onset of action. |
| A nurse compares the actions of benzodiazepines with those of buspirone (BuSpar). Which statement is correct regarding buspirone (BuSpar)? | Buspirone is not a central nervous system depressant. |
| Nurse provide edu for pt just started takin buspirone-BuSpar. Pt asks nurse, When should I expect to see the best effect from the medication? Nurse best response would be based on understanding the effects of buspirone begin in PTs during which time frame | 4 to 6 weeks |
| A patient is being discharged from the hospital on buspirone (BuSpar). A nurse is providing education on the effects and side effects of the medication. What statement made by the patient would most concern the nurse? | I will take the medication with grapefruit juice |
| A patient who is also a nurse is being treated for anxiety with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. The patient asks about the rationale for use of this agent rather than a benzodiazepine. Which of the following is the nurse’s best response? | “Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are better for reducing the cognitive and psychic symptoms of anxiety than benzodiazepines.” |
| A patient who just returned from a war-torn country is admitted to the hospital with post-traumatic stress disorder. A nurse anticipates that the prescriber will order which of the following medications for the patient? | Paroxetine (Paxil) |
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