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Med management of CA
medical managment of cancer
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| when a tumor has completely lost identity with the parent tissue, it is considered to be undifferentiated or | anaplastic |
| T/F the more differentiated a tumor becomes, the faster the metastasis and worse the prognosis | F |
| disorganization of cells | dysplasia |
| hyperplasia | increase in cell numbers |
| what is the most advanced form of metaplasia called | anaplasia |
| carcinoma | epithelium |
| glandular | adenocarcinoma |
| CT | sarcoma |
| hematopoetic | leukemia and myeloma |
| viruses are associated with what percent of human cancers | 15% |
| chemicals in tobacco smoke are responsible for what percent of CA | 30 |
| exposure to large amounts of x-rays promotes to what CA | leukemia |
| Ann Arbor: Stage 1 | local CA in one area and local surrounding area; usually no other systemic or clinical symptoms |
| Ann Arbor: Stage 2 | located in 2 separate regions on one side of the diaphragm; lymph nodes and/or lymph organ |
| Ann Arbor: Stage 3 | CA has spread to both sides of diaphragm; includes one lymph organ or area near the lymph nodes or the spleen |
| Ann Arbor: Stage 4 | Diffuse spread to one or more extralymphatic organ or area near the lymph nodes or the spleen; liver, bone marrow, or lung involvement possible |
| what percent of pts are treated with surgery for CA | >60% |
| most widely used antineoplastic drug | cyclophosphamide (kill or slow down replication of tumor cells) |
| drug that blocks DNA synthesis (antimetabolite) | methotrexate |
| why no exercise on chemo days | high risk for cardiac arrhythmia |
| objective of radiation | cure or control the CA via destruction of DNA |
| acute side effects __ to __ months | 1-6 |
| subacute side effects __ to __ months | 6-12 |
| chronic side effects __ to __ | 1-5 years |
| Bio (Immuno) therapy objective | direct or indirectly kill tumor cells through bolstering the immune system |
| anti-angiogenic therapy (thalidomide, angiostatin) | decrease rapid blood supply development that can occur around a tumor. decreasing nutrients to tumor |
| leuprolide | used for Prostate CA; inhibit testosterone release |
| tamoxifen | for breast CA (inhibits estrogen release) |
| How long must the disease be gone before can be labeled "cured" | > 5 years |
| complete remission | all signs of disease have disappeared after tx |
| partial remission | primary tumor reduced to 1/2 of its original size after tx |
| improvement | primary tumor has been reduced but remains > 1/2 of its original size |
| prognostic index | measure of risk for relapse |
Created by:
cdphipps21
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