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mine #5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Contrast to Freudian Theory | begins with the same basis, focused more on cross-cultural studies, modified the stages of development to apply to the entire life-span, and believed that a person can return to an unresolved stage. |
| Trust vs. Mustrust (B-1(1/2) | Maladaptation:overprotection leading to gullibility; malignancy: neglect leading to withdrawal, depression, and paranoia; Virtue:Hope. |
| Autonomy vs. Same and doubt (1(1/2)-3) | maladaptation: overly permissive parenting leads to impulsivity; malignancy: overly critical parenting leads to compulsivity; Virtue:willpower and determination. |
| Nature vs. Nurture | genetics vs. physical and social environment. |
| stability vs. change | development is gradual vs. occurs in distinct change. |
| critical periods vs. sensitive periods | a specific time during development when a particular event has its greatest consequences vs. organisms are particularly susceptible to certain kinds of stimuli in their environments. |
| stages of prenatal development | Germinal, embryonic, and fetal |
| Germinal | Fertilization to 2 weeks. cells divide rapidly. zygote attaches to the uterine wall. |
| embryonic | 2 to 8 weeks. major organs and body systems grow. |
| fetal | 8 weeks to birth. major organs become differentiated. fetus kicks, clenches fists, and hears sounds outside uterus, health can be affected by mothers diet, and reflexes emerge. |
| APGAR scale | a standard measurement system that looks for a variety of indications of good health. |
| What does "APGAR" stand for? | Appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration. |
| alternative birthing procedures | Lamaze birthing, Bradley Method, and Hypnobirthing. |
| Lamaze birthing technique | uses breathing techniques and relaxation training |
| Bradley method | "husband-coached childbirth" Based on the principle that childbirth should be natural, without medication or medical interventions. |
| Hypnobirthing | it involves a form of self-hypnosis during delivery tat produces a sense of peace and calm, thereby reducing pain. |
| Childbirth attendants | obstetricians, midwife, and doula. |
| post-delivery hospital stays | a woman should stay in the hospital no less than 48 hrs after giving birth. |
| preterm infants(premature infants) | are born prior to 38 weeks after conception. |
| postmature babies | those still unborn 2 weeks after the mothers due date. |
| physical competence | reflexes-unlearned, organized involuntary responses that occur automatically in the presence of certain stimuli. |
| sensory capabilities | their senses. Seeing, smell, taste and hearing. |
| classical conditioning | an organism learns to respond in a particular way to a neutral stimulus that normally does not bring about that type of response. |
| operant conditioning | a form of learning in which a voluntary response is strengthened or weakened, depending on its positive or negative consequence. |
| habituation | the decrease in the response to a stimulus that occurs after repeated presentations of the same stimulus. |
| classical conditioning Ex. | a baby stops crying when his mother picks him up because he knows he is going to be fed. |
| operant conditioning Ex. | an infant smiles to his parents which brings their attention to him. he likes the attention so he's going to smile more often. |
| habituation Ex. | a baby shows interest when he sees a new toy, if he keeps seeing the toy over and over again he might start to lose interest in it. |
Created by:
elvjimenez
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