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Endocrine/ Adrenal
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| FUNCTION OF PITUITARY DRUGS | REPLACEMENT THERAPY FOR DEFICIENT HORMONES |
| PROTOTYPE FOR PITUITARY DRUG | VASOPRESSIN (ADH) |
| HOW VASOPRESSIN WORKS | INCREASED WATER REABSORPTION CONCENTRATED URINE DECREASED WATER EXCRETION |
| INDICATIONS FOR VASOPRESSIN | DIABETES INSIPIDUS SEPTIC SHOCK CARDIAC ARREST POSTOP ABDOMINAL DISTENTION |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF VASOPRESSIN | WATER INTOXICATION HYPERTENSION NAUSEA AND ABDOMINAL CRAMPING |
| NURSING IMPLICATIONS FOR VASOPRESSIN | ENCOURAGE NO ETOH USE V/S, I&O DO NOT DISCONTINUE SUDDENLY |
| THYROID FUNCTION | STIMULATES METABOLIC RATE OF CELLS, INCREASES RATE AND FORCE OF CARDIAC CONTRACTION |
| PROTOTYPE FOR THYROID MEDICATION | LEVOTHYROXINE (SYNTHROID) |
| INDICATION FOR LEVOTHYROXINE | HYPOTHYROIDISM |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF LEVOTHYROXINE | CARDIAC DYSRHYTHMIAS, TACHYCARDIA, TREMORS |
| NURSING IMPLICATIONS OF LEVOTHYROXINE | TSH LEVELS, TAKE IN AM, DON'T DISCONTINUE SUDDENLY. 6-10D HALF LIFE SO DOSAGE CHANGE WILL NOT BE SEEN IMMEDIATELY. |
| HOW PROPYLTHIOURACIL WORKS | BLOCKS TH SYNTHESIS SUPPRESSES T4 TO T3 CONVERSION |
| INDICATIONS FOR PROPYLTHIOURACIL | HYPERTHYROIDISM, GRAVES DISEASE, PREPARATION FOR THYROID GLAND SURGERY |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF PROPYLTHIOURACIL | LIVER AND BONE MARROW TOXICITY, AGRANULOCYTOSIS, HYPOTHYROIDISM |
| NURSING IMPLICATIONS OF PROPYLTHIOURACIL | LIVER FXN, PT/INR, T3, T4, WT CHART, HR DAILY, NO IODINE/ SALT, SEAFOOD. 2 WEEKS BEFORE S/SX IMPROVE. DO NOT D/C SUDDENLY. |
| FUNCTION OF GLUCOCORTICOIDS | INHIBIT OR HELP CONTROL INFLAMMATORY AND IMMUNE RESPONSES |
| PROTOTYPE OF GLUCOCORTICOIDS | PREDNISONE (DELTASONE) METHYLPREDNISOLONE (SOLU-MEDROL) |
| INDICATIONS FOR GLUCOCORTICOIDS | COPD EXACERBATION ANTI-INFLAMMATORY IMMUNOSUPPRESSANT |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF GLUCOCORTICOIDS | HYPERGLYCEMIA, PSYCHOSIS, OBESITY, MOONFACE, ADRENAL SUPPRESSION, PLYABLE SKIN, ACNE |
| EFFECTS OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY (IF GLUCOCORTICOIDS NOT TAPERED) | DECREASED SODIUM AND WATER, HIGH POTASSIUM **SHOCK** |
| SULFONYLUREAS PROTOTYPE | GLIPIZIDE (GLUCOTROL) |
| HOW SULFONYLUREAS WORK | STIMULATE BETA CELLS TO RELEASE INSULIN |
| EFFECTS OF ETOH WITH SULFONYLUREAS | CAUSES FLUSHED, PALPITATIONS, NAUSEA |
| ADVERSE EFFECT OF SYLFONYLUREAS | HYPOGLYCEMIA |
| PROTOTYPE OF BIGUANIDES | METFORMIN (GLUCOPHAGE) |
| HOW BIGUANIDES WORK | DECREASE GLUCOSE PRODUCTION BY LIVER, INCREASE GLUCOSE UPTAKE BY MUSCLES |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF BIGUANIDES | GI UPSET, NAUSEA, LACTIC ACIDOSIS, DIARRHEA |
| PROTOTYPE OF MEGLITINIDES | REPAGLINIDE (PRANDIN) |
| HOW MEGLITINIDES WORK | STIMULATE PANCREATIC INSULIN RELEASE |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF MEGLITINIDES | HYPOGLYCEMIA |
| WHEN TO TAKE PREPAGLINIDE (PRANDIN)? | 30M BEFORE MEALS |
| PROTOTYPE OF THIAZOLIDNEDIONES | PIOGLITAZONE (ACTOS) |
| HOW THIAZOLIDNEDIONES WORK | DECREASE INSULIN RESISTANCE |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS IN THIAZOLIDNEDIONES | HEART FAILURE, FLUID RETENTION, LIVER DAMAGE |
| PROTOTYPE OF ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORS | ACARBOSE (PRECOSE) |
| HOW ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORS WORK | INHIBITS CHO DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION (DECREASES ABSORPTION OF OTHER DRUGS) |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORS | GAS/ ABDOMINAL DISTENTION |
| PROTOTYPE OF INCRETIN MIMETICS | EXENATIDE (BYETTA) |
| HOW INCRETIN MIMETICS WORK | STIMULATE INSULIN RELEASE; SUPPRESS GLUCAGON SECRETION |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF INCRETIN MIMETICS | NAUSEA, HYPOGLYCEMIA |
| AMYLIN MIMETICS PROTOTYPE | PRAMLINTIDE (SYMLIN) |
| HOW AMYLIN MIMETICS WORK | DELAYS GI EMPTYING SUPPRESSES GLUCAGON SECRETION |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF AMYLIN MIMETICS | NAUSEA, HYPOGLYCEMIA |
| WHEN TO ADMINISTER AMYLIN MIMETICS | GIVE 60M BEFORE MEALS |
| PROTOTYPE - RAPID ACTING INSULIN | LISPRO (HUMALOG) |
| ONSET FOR RAPID ACTING INSULIN | 15 MINS |
| PROTOTYPE - SHORT ACTING INSULIN | REGULAR (HUMULIN R) |
| ONLY INSULIN GIVEN IV | REGULAR |
| PROTOTYPE - INTERMEDIATE ACTING INSULIN | HUMULIN NPH |
| PROPERTIES OF INTERMEDIATE INSULIN | CLOUDY, LONGER ONSET BUT LASTS LONGER USUALLY GIVEN BID |
| LONG ACTING INSULIN PROTOTYPE | GLARGINE (LANTUS) |
| PROPERTIES OF LONG ACTING INSULIN | OVER 24HRS, GIVEN DAILY USUALLY AT BEDTIME LOW RISK OF HYPOGLYCEMIA DUE TO FEWER PEAKS AND TROUGHS |
| COMBO INSULINS ARE TYPICALLY USED FOR | TPN OR ENTERAL FEEDINGS; ADJUSTED FOR BLOOD GLUCOSE. SHORT ACTING OR REGULAR. |
| SLIDING SCALE INSULIN | MAY BE PRESCRIBED FOR INPATIENT ADMISSIONS DUE TO HIGH BLOOD SUGAR OR ILLNESS. RAPID OR SHORT ACTING. |
| PROTOTYPE FOR WOMENS HEALTH DRUGS | ESTROGEN (PREMARIN) |
| INDICATIONS FOR ESTROGEN | ESTROGEN DEFICIENT NOT RELATED TO MENOPAUSE; HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY (MENOPAUSAL S/SX) |
| HOW ESTROGEN WORKS | DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM AND SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF ESTROGEN | PE, THROMBOEMBOLISM, ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA |
| NURSING IMPLICATIONS OF ESTROGEN | TAKE WITH FOOD, REPORT CP/ LEG PAIN/ HA/ ABN VAG BLEEDING, NO USE DURING PREGNANCY, 3 WKS ON AND 1 WK OFF, TRY TO WEAN EVERY 6 MOS, NO SMOKING, INCREASED RISK OF CVA, MI, CLOT |
| PROTOTYPE FOR PROGESTINS | MEDROXYPROGESTERONE (PROVERA) |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF PROVERA | IRREGULAR MENSES, BREAST CA, NAUSEA, THROMBOPHLEBITIS, PE, ANGIOEDEMA, N/V, DIZZINESS |
| HOW PROVERA WORKS | PREPARES UTERUS FOR IMPLANTATION OF FERTILIZED OVUM, MAINTAINS UTERUS THROUGHOUT PREGNANCY |
| INDICATIONS FOR PROVERA | POSTMENOPAUSAL HORMONE THERAPY, DYSFUNCTIONAL UTERINE BLEEDING, AMENORRHEA |
| NURSING IMPLICATIONS FOR PROVERA | REPORT CHEST PAIN, LEG PAIN, HEADACHE, BLURRED VISION; TAKE WITH FOOD |
| PROTOTYPE- CONTRACEPTIVES | ORTHO-NOVUM (ESTROGEN AND PROGESTIN) |
| NURSING IMPLICATIONS FOR CONTRACEPTIVES | TAKE AT THE SAME TIME DAILY; REPORT ABDOMINAL PAIN, SOB, SWELLING; USE SECONDARY BIRTH CONTROL IF USING ABX OR IF MISSED DOSE |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF CONTRACEPTIVES | NO SMOKING, INCREASED RISK OF BLOOD CLOTS |
| PROTOTYPE FOR OSTEOPOROSIS DRUGS | BIPHOSPHONATES (ALENDRONATE, FOSAMAX, ACTONEL) |
| INDICATIONS FOR BIPHOSPHONATES | POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS |
| HOW BIPHOSPHONATES WORK | INHIBITS BONE REABSORPTION, ENHANCES BONE MINERAL DENSITY |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF BIPHOSPHONATES | ESOPHAGITIS |
| NURSING IMPLICATIONS OF BIPHOSPHONATES | TAKE WITH 8OZ OF WATER, SIT UPRIGHT FOR 30-60M, TAKE 30M PRIOR TO BREAKFAST; CAN DO DAILY, WEEKLY, MONTHLY; TAKE VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTS |
| PROTOTYPE- MENS HEALTH DRUGS | ANDROGENS (TESTOSTERONE) |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF TESTOSTERONE | HEPATOTOXICITY |
| HOW TESTOSTERONE WORKS | DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY MALE SEX CHARACTERISTICS |
| INDICATIONS FOR MENS HEALTH DRUGS | HYPOGONADISM, REPLACEMENT THERAPY, INOPERABLE BREAST CANCER |
| NURSING IMPLICATIONS FOR MENS HEALTH DRUGS | PREGNANCY CATEGORY X, TAKE IN THE MORNING TO MIMIC NORMAL RELEASE |
| MENS HEALTH DRUGS AVAILABILITY | LIMITED D/T SCHEDULED III CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE (ANABOLIC STEROID) |
| PROTOTYPE - ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION | SILDENAFIL (VIAGRA) |
| HOW VIAGRA WORKS | RELAXES SMOOTH MUSCLE AND HIGH BLOOD FLOW INTO PENIS |
| INDICATIONS FOR VIAGRA | ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF VIAGRA | HYPOTENSION, PRIAPISM, HEADACHE, HEARING/ VISION CHANGES, TINNITUS, NAUSEA, CP |
| NURSING IMPLICATIONS FOR VIAGRA | TAKE ONE HOUR PRIOR TO SEX, 1 DAILY DOSE, DO NOT TAKE WITH NITRATES |
| 5 ALPHA REDUCTASE INHIBITOR PROTOTYPE | FINASTERIDE (PROSCAR) |
| HOW PROSCAR WORKS | REGRESSION OF PROSTATE TISSUE, DECREASE MECHANICAL OBSTRUCTION OF URETHRA, INCREASED URINARY FLOW |
| INDICATIONS FOR PROSCAR | BPH (OR HAIR LOSS) |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF PROSCAR | DECREASED LIBIDO, HYPOTENSION |
| NURSING IMPLICATIONS OF PROSCAR | PROTECT FROM LIGHT OR HEAT, REEVALUATE Q6MOS, PREGNANCY X, DO NOT COME IN CONTACT WITH PREGNANT WOMEN, MONITOR URINARY OUTPUT CLOSELY |
Created by:
pevrs309
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