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PSYC Chapter 3

Psychology Chapter 3 (CSUSM)

QuestionAnswer
The basic units of the nervous system; cells that receive, integrate, and transmit information in the nervous system. They operate through electrical impulses. Neurons
What system is the brain and spinal cord part of? Central Nervous System (CNS)
All nerve cells in the body that are not part of the central nervous system. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
What are the 3 basic phases of a neuron? 1. Reception 2. Integration 3. Transmission
What are the 3 types of neurons? 1. Sensory Neurons 2. Motor Neurons 3. Interneurons
These detect information from the physical world and pass that information to the brain. Sensory Neurons
These direct muscles to contract or relax, thereby producing movement. Motor Neurons
These communicate only with others Interneurons
Branchlike extensions of the neuron that detect information from other neurons. Dendrites
Site, in the neuron, where information from thousands of other neurons is collected and integrated. Soma or Cell Body
A long narrow outgrowth of a neuron by which information is transmitted to other neurons. Axon
Small nodules, at the ends of axons, that release the chemical signals from the neuron into thy synapse. Terminal Buttons
The site at which chemical communication occurs between neurons. Synapse
The gap between the axon of a "sending" neuron and the dendrites of a "receiving" neuron; it contains extracellular fluid. Synaptic Cleft
A fatty material, made up of glial cells, that insulates the axon and allows for the rapid movement of electrical impulses along the axon. Myelin Sheath
Small gaps of exposed axon, between the segments of myelin sheath, where action potentials are transmitted. Nodes of Ranvier
The electrical charge of a neuron when it is not active. Resting Membrane Potential
The neural impulse that passes along the axon and subsequently causes the release of chemicals from the terminal buttons to transmit signals to other neurons. Action Potential
Neuron will either fire or not. All-or-None Principle
Chemical substances that carry signals from one neuron to another. Neurotransmitters
Created by: 831374349
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