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Chap15,16,22PHCCMark
Chap. 15, 16, & 22 PHCC Mark
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When groups of neurons (nerve cells in the brain) spontaneously begin to send out electrical impulses in an abnormal uncontrolled way it is called? | Epilepsy |
| Grand mal seizures are characterized by: | 1.LOC (loss of consciousness) 2. Violent rapid contraction of muscles (tonic-clonic seizures) 3. Tongue biting 4. Incontinence of bowel and or bladder. |
| Petit mal seizures are characterized by: | 1. Disorientation 2. Twitching(facial) |
| Petit mal seizures AKA | absence seizures (more common i children) |
| Narcolepsy is a type of absence seizure characterized by: | unexpected LOC |
| A warning sign or symptom of a impending seizure is called an: | aura (sensory disturbance) |
| The period of time right after a seizure when the victim is confused is called: | postictal period (lasts 5 to 30 minutes) |
| Medications to treat seizures are called: | antiseizure medications or antiepileptics or anticovulsants |
| Dilantin generic | phenytoin |
| Luminal generic | phenobarbitol (phenobarb) |
| Dilantin class | antiepileptic |
| phenytoin class | antiepileptic |
| Luminal class | antiepileptic |
| phenobarbitol class | antiepileptic |
| Lamictal class | antiepileptic |
| Keppra class | antiepileptic |
| Topamax class | antiepileptic, Medication to treat BMD |
| Use of Topamax during pregnancy has been linked to what birth defects: | cleft labia and or cleft palate |
| extreme seizure activity is called: | status epilepticus |
| Medications used to treat status epilepticus: | diazepam, aka Valium or Diastat |
| Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by: | an irreversable and progressive loss of neurons in the cerebral cortex |
| AD manifestations include progressive difficulty with: | memory, judgment, and reasoning that eventually progress to dementia |
| Drugs to treat AD | 1. Aricept 2. Exelon 3. Namenda |
| Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by: | 1. Shaking tremors 2. Muscle rigidity 3. Bradykinesia (slowness of movement) 4. Mask-like facial expression 5. Drooling 6. Shuffling gait progressing to a loss of ability to ambulate. |
| PD is caused by a deficiency of neurotransmitter in the brain called: | dopamine |
| Duodopa generic | carbidopa & levodopa |
| Parcopa generic | carbidopa & levodopa |
| Sinemet generic | carbidopa & levodopa |
| Duodopa class | Medication to treat PD |
| Parcopa class | Medication to treat PD |
| Sinemet class | Medication to treat PD |
| Requip class | Medication to treat PD |
| Drugs that contain carbidopa & levodopa | Duodopa, Parcopa, Sinemet |
| Mirapex class | Medication to treat PD also used to treat RLS Restless Leg Syndrome |
| antiepileptic drugs include: | Dilanton, phynytoin, Luminal, Phenobarbitol, Lamictal, Keppra, Topamax |
| Medications used to treat insomnia are called: | hypnotics |
| Hypnotics include: | Ambien, Lunesta, Rozerem, Restoril, temazepam, Dalmane, flurazepam |
| OTC Hypnotics include: | Nytol, Somninex (These contain diphenhydramine AKA Benadryl) |
| Restoril generic | temazepam |
| Dalmane generic | flurazepam |
| Ambien class | hypnotics |
| Lunesta class | hypnotics |
| Rozerem class | hypnotics |
| Restoril class | hypnotics |
| temazepam class | hypnotics |
| Dalmane class | hypnotics |
| flurazepam class | hypnotics |
| Nytol class | OTC hypnotics |
| Sominex class | OTC hypnotics |
| Benadryl (diphenhydramine) class | OTC hypnotics and antihistmine |
| Common side effect of antihistamines: | drowsiness |
| A neurosis is characterized by: | anxiety, anxiousness, and tension at a more intense level than normal |
| Anxiety can be associated with phobias such as: | 1. Acrophobia (heights) 2. Arachnophobia (spiders) 3. Ophidiophobia (snakes) 4. Agoraphobia (open spaces) 5. Claustrophobia (confined spaces) |
| Neuroses can also cause | panic (anxiety) attacks. |
| Medications used to treat neuroses are called: | sedatives, antianxiety drugs, minor tranquilizers |
| Sedatives include: | Xanax, alprazolam, Librium, chlordiazepoxide, Tanxene, Valium, diazepam, Ativan, lorazepam |
| Sedatives can loose their effectiveness when combined with | caffeine |
| Xanax generic | alprazolam |
| Librium generic | chlordiazepoxide |
| Valium generic | diazepam |
| Ativan generic | lorazepam |
| Xanax class | sedatives |
| alprazolam class | sedatives |
| Librium class | sedatives |
| chlordiazepoxide class | sedatives |
| Tranxene class | sedatives |
| Valium class | sedatives |
| diazepam class | sedatives |
| Ativan class | sedatives |
| lorazepam class | sedatives |
| Psychosis is characterized by: | losing touch with reality and can result in illusions, delusions, and hallucinations |
| A illusion is: | false interpretaion of a senory stimulus (mirage) |
| A delusion is: | false belief such as "I am Jesus Christ" |
| A hullucination is: | sensory perception that is not caused by an external stimulus (hearing voices) |
| Medications used to treat psychoses are called: | major tranquilizers, antipsychotics, neuroleptics |
| Antipsychotics include: | Thorazine, chlorpromazine, Seroquel, Abilify, Risperdal, Zyprexa, haloperidol, Haldol, Catapress, Clonidine |
| Thorazine class | Antipsychotics, Medications to treat BMD |
| chlorpromazine class | Antipsychotics,Medications to treat BMD |
| Seroquel class | Antipsychotics |
| Abilify class | Antipsychotics, antidepressants, Medication to treat BMD |
| Risperdal class | Antipsychotics, antidepressant, Medication to treat BMD |
| Zyprexa class | Antipsychotics, Medication to treat BMD |
| haloperidol class | Antipsychotics |
| Haldol class | Antipsychotics also used to treat "Tourettes Syndrome" |
| Catapress Class | Nonnicotine smoking cessation drug, antiarrythmic, and Antipsychotics, Medications used to treat ADHD |
| clonidine class | Nonnicotine smoking cessation drug, antiarrythmic, and Antipsychotics, Medications used to treat ADHD |
| tourettes syndrome is characterized by: | involuntary body movements, and vocal outbursts. |
| Major Depressive Disorder AKA clinical depression is characterized by: | 1.Insomnia 2.Crying 3.Lack of pleasure in any activity 4.Anorexia 5.Suicidal feelings 6.Feelings of helplessness, hopelessness, and worthlessness |
| Medications used to treat MDD are called: | antidepressants |
| Antidepressants include | Lexapro, Effecor, Cymbalta, Prozac, Paxil, Abilify, Zoloft, Wellbutrin (Zyban), Pristiq |
| Abilify can increase the risk of: | suicidal tendancies, CVA in elderly dementia patients, hyperglycemia, leukocytopenia, seizures, dysphagia, impaired judgement, impared judgement and impaired motor skills. |
| Lexapro class | antidepressant |
| Effexor class | antidepressant |
| Cymbalta class | antidepressant |
| Prozac class | antidepressant |
| Paxil class | antidepressant |
| Zoloft class | antidepressant |
| Lexapro, Paxil, Prozac, and Zoloft use during pregnancy increases the chances of birth defects such as: | ASD atrial septic defect, VSD ventricular septal defect, PPHN persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate, SB spina bifida. |
| Wellbutrin class (Zyban) | nonnicotine smoking cessation drug, antidepressant |
| Zyban, Wellbrutrin & Chantix can cause serious neuropsychriatric, symptoms such as | changes in behavior, hostility, agitation, depressed mood, suicidal thoughts an behavior, and attempted suicide. |
| Pristiq class | antidepressant |
| The interaction of Pristiq with NSAIDs or anticoagulants can cause | bleeding tendencies |
| The interaction of Pristiq with antimigraine medication can cause | Sudden Death |
| Side effects of Pristiq include: | Hypertension, hypercholesrerolemia, Increased IOP, Intraoccular Pressure |
| Some antidepressants can cause | suicidal tendencies in children and teens |
| Depression is linked to a defeciency in | Omega 3 fatty acids (fish) |
| Manic Depressive Illness MDI is characterized by: | cyclic extreme mood swings between two opposite pole of emotion |
| MDI (Manic Depressive Illness) is also referred to as: | Bipolar Mental Disorder BMD |
| Medications to treat BMD include | Lithobid, lithium, Seroquel, Throazine, chlorpromazine, Abilify, Risperdal, Zyprexa, Topamax |
| ADHD stands for | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| ADHD is characterized by: | inattention, impulsivity and excessive motor activity |
| Medications used to treat ADHD include: | Focalin, Catapress, clonidine, Ritalin or Concerta, methylphenidate, Adderall |
| Focalin class | Medications used to treat ADHD |
| Ritalin Class | Medications used to treat ADHD |
| Concerta class | Medications used to treat ADHD |
| methylphenidate class | Medications used to treat ADHD |
| Adderall class | Medications used to treat ADHD |
| Concerta and Ritalin generic | methylphenidate |
| Medication to treat alcoholism | Antabuse |
| Antabuse will not allow the alcohol to be broken down and absorbed. The mixture of alcohol and Antabuse will cause: | cephalagia, (headache) vertigo, (dizziness) and N & V |
| Analgesic means | pertaining to pain |
| Most narcotic analgesics can cause an addictive feeling of well being called | euphoria |
| Many analgesics work by raising the : | pain threshold |
| Narcotic analgesics include: | Stadol, codeine, Dilaudid, Demorol, meperidine, MS Contin, Roxanol, morphine sulfate, Nubain, Oxycontin, oxycodone, Talwin |
| Stadol class | Narcotic analgesics |
| codeine class | Narcotic analgesic, antitussive |
| Dilaudid class | Narcotic analgesics |
| Demoral generic | meperidine |
| Demoral class | Narcotic analgesics |
| meperidine class | Narcotic analgesics |
| MS Contin generic | morphine sulfate MSO4 |
| Roxanol generic | morphine sulfate MSO4 |
| MS Contin class | Narcotic analgesics |
| Roxanol class | Narcotic analgesics |
| morphine sulfate class | Narcotic analgesics |
| Nubain (nopain) class | Narcotic analgesics |
| OxyContin generic | oxycodone |
| Oxycontin class | Narcotic analgesics |
| oxycodone class | Narcotic analgesics |
| Talwin class | Narcotic analgesics |
| Non-narcotic analgesics include: | Acetaminophen (APAP) AKA Panadol or Tylenol, Aspirin, Anacin, Bayer, Ecotrin, Empirin |
| Acetaminophen class | Non-narcotic analgesic & antipyretic |
| Panadol class | Non-narcotic analgesic & antipyretic |
| Tylenol class | Non-narcotic analgesic & antipyretic |
| Acetaminophen combined with Gingko Bilboa can lead to: | Bleeding problems |
| Annually,_______ American's develop liver damage from acetaminophen overdose. | 56,000 |
| ____% of acute liver failure in America is linked to acetaminophen overdose. | 50 |
| Aspirin (ASA) class | anticoagulant, non-narcotic analgesic, NSAID, anti-inflamatory, antipyretic |
| Anacin class | anticoagulant, non-narcotic analgesic, NSAID, anti-inflamatory, antipyretic |
| Bayer Class | anticoagulant, non-narcotic analgesic, NSAID, anti-inflamatory, antipyretic |
| Ecotrin Class | anticoagulant, non-narcotic analgesic, NSAID, anti-inflamatory, antipyretic |
| Empirin Class | anticoagulant, non-narcotic analgesic, NSAID, anti-inflamatory, antipyretic |
| Buffered ASA medications include: | Alka Seltzer, Ascriptin, Bayer, Bufferin |
| Buffers include | 1. Al-aluminum 2. Mg-magnesium 3. Ca-Calcium 4. NaHCO3- Sodium Bicarbonate |
| ASA, APAP, diphenhydramine and caffeine combination drugs include: | 1.Anacin Maximum Strength (ASA+caffeine) 2.Bayer PM (ASA+diphenhydramine) 3.Vanquish (ASA+APAP+Caffeine) 4.Excedrin Extra Strength or Excedrine Migraine (ASA+APAP+caffeine) |
| Combination narcotic and non-narcotic analgesics include: | 1.Empirin #3 (codeine and ASA) 2.Percodan or Roxipirin (oxycodone and ASA) 3.Percocet or Roxilox, Roxicet, Tylox, Endocet (oxycodone+APAP) 4.Tylenol#3 (codeine+APAP) 5. Vicodin (hydrococne+APAP) |
| Narcotic and Non-narcotic analgesic combined to produce a _________ effect. | synergistic |
| NSAIDs include: | 1.Ansaid, 2.Indocin (indometacin)3.Naprosyn or Aleve (naproxen) 4.Feldene 5.Clinoril 6.Celebrex 7. Advil+Motrin (ibuprofen) |
| Ibuprofen Class | antipyretic, non-narcotic analgesic & NSAID |
| A Migrain is: | A Chronic, severe, usually temporal headache (H/A) accompanied by N+V and photophobia. |
| Medications used to treat Migraines include: | 1.Imitrex, 2.Tenormin, atenolol, 3.Lopressor or Toprol metoprolol, 4.Corgard nadolol, 5.Indral propanolol 6.Cardizem diltiazem, 7.Calan verapamil, 8.Ergomar ergotamine, 9.Treximet, 10.Topamax |
| A condition of no feeling or nervous sensation: | Anesthesia |
| General anesthesia involves a: | Loss of Consciousness (LOC) |
| Local anesthesia involves a: | amall area of skin and adjacent tissue. |
| Regional anesthesia involves a: | nerve block |
| Spinal anesthesia involves the | subarachnoid space |
| Epidural anesthesia involves the | epidural space |
| Anesthetics includes: | 1.Solarcaine, 2.Xylocain or lidocaine, 3.Marcaine, 4.Novocain or procaine 5.Pontocaine |
| Induction of anesthesia refers to: | the initial anesthesia that causes LOC. |
| After induction of anesthesia other anesthesia is administered to: | Place the patient in a coma. |
| Medications used as an induction anesthetic includes: | 1.etomidate, 2.Pentothal |
| A neuromuscular blocker causes: | muscular paralysis |
| Muscular blockers include: | Anextine aka succinylcholine ("succs") |
| A preoperative medication designed to decrease airway secretions is called: | atropine |
| Alka-Seltzer class | anticoagulant, non-narcotic analgesic, NSAID, anti-inflamatory, antipyretic |
| Ascriptin class | anticoagulant, non-narcotic analgesic, NSAID, anti-inflamatory, antipyretic |
| Bufferin class | anticoagulant, non-narcotic analgesic, NSAID, anti-inflamatory, antipyretic |
| Anacin Maximum Strength contains | ASA & caffeine |
| Bayer PM contains | ASA & diphenhydramine |
| Vanquish contains | ASA & APAP & caffeine |
| Excedrine Extra Strength & Excederine Migraine contain: | ASA & APAP & caffeine |
| Empirin #3 contains | ASA & codeine |
| Percodan & Roxipirn contain | ASA & oxycodone |
| Percocet, Roxilox, Roxicet, Tylox & Endocet contain | APAP & oxycodone |
| Vicodan contains | APAP and hydrocodone |
| Ansaid class | NSAID |
| Indocin class | NSAID |
| indomethacin class | NSAID |
| Indocin generic | indomethacin |
| Naprosyn and Aleve Generic | naproxen |
| Naprosyn class | NSAID |
| Aleve Class | NSAID |
| indomethacin class | NSAID |
| Feldene class | NSAID |
| Clinoril class | NSAID |
| Celebrex class | NSAID |
| Advil and Motrin Generic | ibuprofen |
| Advil class | NSAID & antipyretic |
| Motrin class | NSAID & antipyretic |
| ibuprofen class | NSAID & antipyretic |
| Imitrex Class | Medication used to treat Migraines |
| atenolol Class | Medication used to treat Migraines, Antianginal |
| Tenormin Class | Medication used to treat Migraines, Antianginal |
| Lopressor Class | Medication used to treat Migraines antianginal & antihypertensive |
| Toprol Class | Medication used to treat Migraines antianginal & antihypertensive |
| metoprolol Class | Medication used to treat Migraines antianginal & antihypertensive |
| Corgard Class | Medication used to treat Migraines antianginal & antihypertensive |
| Inderal Class | Medication used to treat Migraines, antianginal, antihypertensives, and antiarrythmics |
| Propranolol Class | Medication used to treat Migraines, antianginal, antihypertensives, and antiarrythmics |
| Cardizem Class | Medication used to treat Migraines, antianginal, antihypertensives, and antiarrythmics |
| Diltiazem Class | Medication used to treat Migraines, antianginal, antihypertensives, and antiarrythmics |
| Calan Class | Medication used to treat Migraines, antianginal, antihypertensives, and antiarrythmics |
| Verapamil Class | Medication used to treat Migraines, antianginal, antihypertensives, and antiarrythmics |
| Ergomar Class | Medication used to treat Migraines |
| ergotamine Class | Medication used to treat Migraines |
| Treximet Class | Medication used to treat Migraines |
| Topamax Class | Medication used to treat Migraines |
| Solarcaine class | Anesthetic |
| Xylocaine Class | Anesthetic |
| lidocaine Class | Anesthetic |
| Marcaine Class | Anesthetic |
| Novocain Class | Anesthetic |
| procaine class | Anesthetic |
| Pontocaine class | Anesthetic |
| etomidate class | induction Anesthetic |
| Pentothal class | induction Anesthetic |
| Anectine Class | Neuromuscular blocker |
| succinylcholine ("succs") | Neuromuscular blocker |
| atropine class | Preoperative medication to reduce airway secretions, Emergency Medication to treat Bradycardia |
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hilander62
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