Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Pharmacokenetics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Many drugs treated with a weak ___ or weak ____ are salts of the original drug. | Acid; Base |
| Mesylate, Tartrate, Citrate, Hydrochroride(HCL), Sodium, or Patassium | How salts end |
| Drug name | May indicate the drug class or use |
| MOA | Mechanism of Action |
| Drugs in the same class have similar | MOA Adverse effects Contraindictions |
| DOC | Drug of Choice |
| First line drugs | have acceptable adverse effect profile |
| 2nd, 3rd, 4th line drugs | Less effective and more adverse effects |
| Pharmacokinetics | Study of the movemnt of and changes in the drug with the body |
| 4 Parts of Pharmacokinetics | Absorbtion Distribution Metabolism Elimination |
| Absobtion | How the drug gets into the blood stream |
| How are IV drugs absorbed? | Directly |
| What are factors of drug absorbtion? | pH of the compartment Lipsid solubility Vascularity of administration sight |
| What do drugs react with? | the environment of the body compartment |
| If the acidity of a drug and the body environment are simular, what does the drug do? | Stay intact |
| If the acidity of the drug and the body are dissimular, what does the drug do? | Ionizes |
| How are drugs absorbed? | Only as inact molecule, NOT as dissolved salts or ionized particles |
| How are drugs best aborbed? | In "like" environments |
| What do lipid soluable drugs easily pass through? | Cell membranes |
| Where do libid soluable drugs tend to not remain? | Plasma |
| Highly Lipid soluable drugs include: | Most CNS drugs Anestetics |
| A drug is absorbed faster when what is present? | Blood vessles |
| Once a drug inters the body it _____ throught the body | Disseminates |
| Drugs may be stored in | Plasma protiens are fats |
| Highly lipid soluable drugs stored in fatty tissues including: | Liver Spleen CNS Stored in fat |
| Drug compless bound to either | Tissue protiens PLasma protiens |
| Drugs bound to protiens exist in ____ equilibrium between bound drug and "free" drug in the plasma | Equilibrium |
| Free drug | Has a theraputic effect and can be eliminated from the body |
| Volume of Distribution | Volume of space the drug occupies in the body |
| Large Vd(subscriped d) | Drug is distributed throughout different body compartments |
| Small Vd(subscripted d) | Drug is concentrated mainly in one place |
| Loading dose | Large intial dose to quickly reach therapeutic levels |
| What organ does most drug changes accur in? | Liver |
| Cytochrome P450 | Cytochrome mixed function oxidase sysytem |
| Clearance | The removal of a drug from the plasma |
| Elimination | the removal of a drug from the body |
| Absorption | How a drug gets into the plasma |
| Distribution | Where the drug goes in the body |
| Metabolism | How the drug is changed in the body. |
| Lipid Solubility | A drug that will pass more easily through the cell membrane. |
| What organ is drug clearance typically done by? | Kidney or Liver |
| How is a drug secreted? | liver-> bile-> feces |
| Drug half-life | The amount of time it takes for half of the drug dosage to clear the body |
| What is drug half life influenced by? | rate of elemination and how quickly a drug might be inactivated in the body by enzymes |
| What alters drug half life? | Alterting the clearence rate, pH, altering the elimination rate, renal or liver dysfunction |
| How do adverse effects range? | From unconfortable to life threatening |
| How can you determine the possible adverse effects? | By understanding the MOA and physology back ground |
| What will a drug name indicate? | Drug class and use |
| What may the generic name take part of? | brand name |
| What drug is most frequently perscribed | DOC |
| If the DOC doesn't work, what is the next drug perscribed? | Second line drug |
| How are drugs better abosorbed? | In "like" environments |
| What else will alter if the body cavity pH is altered? | drug uptake |
| Where does the drug go once it is in the body? | Part remains free in plasma, and the other may be stored either bound to plasma protiens or in fat |
| Where are highly libid soluble drugs stored? | Fatty tissue |
| Where do interactions most likely occur? | Absorbtion, distribution, clearance |
| What must a drug be in order to work? | Free in the plasma |
| If the drug is not absorbed into the blood stream, what will happen? | it will not not have an effect. |
| What are 3 absorption level D-D interactions? | Binding interactions, change in the pH of the environment, change in the local bloodflow |
| What protiens does most drugs bond to? | Albumin |
| How does the body expel drugs? | Lungs, urine, or bile |
| What leads to increase levels of a drug in the boold? | enzymes |
| Agonist | A drug that mimics the actions of a substance in the body |
| How can an agonist work | Stimulating a cellular or biochemical pathway OR Inhibiting the breakdown of the endogenous substance. |
| Antagonist effect | When one drug decreases or prevents the actions of another drug |
| An antagonist drug does not _____ a receptor | Stimulate |
| What does an antagonist drug do to a receptor? | It prevents the function |
| Addative effect | When twwo drugs have the same effect, the effect of the one will be added to the effect of the other. |
| Synergistic Effect | When two drugs have the same physiological effect, but different mechanisms& one potentiates the effects of the other such that the combined effect is greater than the sums of both drugs effects |
| CNS depressants and alcohol have a ______ synergistic effect | dangerous |
| Antagonist effect | one drug decresses or blocks the actions of another drug |
| Food can act as a what? | Antagonist and synergist |
| What do blood laboratory values test for? | Renal function |
| BUN | Blood Urea Nitrogen Level |
| What does a high BUN indicate? | Poor kidney f(x) |
| Creatinine & Creatinine Clearence levels | Test for renal function |
| What does a high creatinine clearence indicate? | proper renal f(x) |
| SGOT, SGPT, LDH, ALT, AST | Tests for liver function |
| How is liver function measured? | by activity and levels of serum enzymes |
| When are blood glucose levels measured? | After fasting or shortly after eating. |
| High glucose levels | Diabetic |
| Low glucouse levels | Hypoglycemic |
| Serum blood gases | Determines respritory f(x) by measuring PO(supscriped)2 CO(sub)2 |
Created by:
CassieLowry
Popular Pharmacology sets