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SPED Ch. 6 vocab.
SPED Ch. 6 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Speech Disorder | Difficulty producing sounds as well as disorders of voice quality or fluency of speech |
| Language Disorder | Difficulty receiving, understanding, or formulating ideas and information. |
| Receptive Language Disorder | Characterized by difficulty receiving or understanding information. |
| Expressive Language Disorder | Characterized by difficulty formulating ideas and information. |
| Cleft Palate (or Lip) | Condition in which a person has a split in the upper part of the oral cavity or the upper lip. |
| Dialect | A language variation that a group of individuals uses and that reflects shared regional, social, or cultural/ethnic factors. |
| Speech | Oral expression of language. |
| Language | A structured, shared, rule-governed, symbolic system for communication. |
| Phonology | Use of sounds to make meaningful syllables and words. |
| Phonemes | Individual speech sounds. |
| Morphology | System that governs the structure of words. |
| Morpheme | Smallest meaningful unit of speech. |
| Syntax | Provides rules for putting together a series of words to form sentences. |
| Semantics | The meaning of what is expressed. (includes both receptive and expressive components) |
| Pragmatics | Use of communication in contexts. |
| Social Interaction Theories | Emphasize that communication skills are learned through social interactions. |
| Articulation | A speaker's production of individual or sequenced sounds. |
| Substitutions | A form of articulation error; substituting sounds. |
| Omission | A form of articulation error; involves leaving a phoneme out of a word. |
| Additions | A form of articulation error; involves places a vowel between two consonants |
| Distortions | A form of articulation error; modifications of the production of a phoneme in a word. |
| Apraxia | A motor speech disorder that affects the way in which a students plans to produce speech. |
| Pitch | Determined by the rate of vibration in the vocal folds. |
| Duration | The length of time any speech sound requires. |
| Intensity | Based on the perception of the listener and is determined by air pressure coming from the lungs through the vocal cords. |
| Resonance | The perceived quality of someone's voice, is determined by the way in which the tone coming from the vocal folds is modified by the spaces of the throat, mouth, and nose. |
| Hypernasality | A type of resonance trait; air is allowed to pass through the nasal cavity on sounds other man /m/, /n/, and /ng/. |
| Hyponasality | A type of resonance trait; occurs when air cannot pass through the nose and comes through the mouth instead. |
| Fluency | The rate and rhythm of speaking. |
| Specific Language Impairment | Language impairments not related to any physical or intellectual disability. |
| Organic Disorders | A type of speech and language disorders; caused by an identifiable program in the neuromuscular mechanism of the person. |
| Functional Disorders | A type of speech and language disorders; have no identifiable organic or neurological cause. |
| Congenital Disorder | A disorder that occurs at or before birth. |
| Acquired Disorder | A disorder that occurs well after birth. |
| Oral Motor Exam | The examination of the appearance, strength, and range of motion of the lips, tongue, palate, teeth, and jaw. |
| Bilingual | Ability to use two languages equally well. |
| Bidialectal | Uses two variations of language. |
| System of Augmenting Language (SAL) | A type of augmentative and alternate communication; involves communication partners who augment their speech by activating the student's communication device in naturally occurring communication interactions. |