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Pharmacology Chap 12
Test 1 Ch. 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Activated charcoal | Short-term treatment (within 60 minutes) after a patient has ingested a threatening amount of carbon-based poison; molecules adhere to activated charcoal and minimize or prevent poisons from absorption. |
| Acute radiation syndrome | Life-threatening symptoms resulting from acute exposure to ionizing radiation, including nausea, vomiting, severe leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, and alopecia. |
| Anthrax | Microorganism that can cause severe disease and high mortality in humans. |
| Basic supportive care | 1st element of toxicity treatment involving maintaining the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation; making sure proper blood glucose levels are stable; maintaining proper ABG; treatment of dev. seizures; and mgmt of acid-base disturbances. |
| Bioterrorism | Intentional use of infectious biologic agents, chemical substances, or radiation to cause widespread harm or illness. |
| Gastric lavage and aspiration | Course of treatment (within 60 minutes) after the patient has ingested a potentially life-threatening amount of poison; by washing out the stomach with sterile water or a saltwater solution followed by removal of the fluid or mixed substances. |
| Ionizing radiation | Radiation that is highly penetrating and can cause serious biologic effects. |
| Nerve agents | Chemical used in warfare or by bioterrorists that can affect the central nervous system and cause death. |
| Specific antidotes | Direct remedies to counter the effects of poisons or toxins in various cases including heavy metals, radioactive agents, and overdosing of pharmacologic substances. |
| Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) | Program designed to ensure the immediate deployment of essential medical materials to a community in the event of a large-scale chemical or biologic attack. |
| Syrup of Ipecac | Remedy primarily used to induce vomiting following ingestion of poisonous substances; ipecac irritates the gastric mucosa and promotes emesis by stimulating the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) within the brainstem. |
| Vaccine | Biologic material that confers protection against infection; preparation of microorganism particles that is injected into a patient to stimulate the immune system, with the intention of preventing disease. |
| Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) | Supplies and pharmaceuticals that are shipped after a chemical or biologic threat has been identified. |
| Whole-bowel irrigation | Act of mechanically flushing the ingested poison from the gastrointestinal tract after the patient has ingested potentially toxic doses of lead, zinc, or illicit drugs; this technique may be used for overdosed sustained-release or enteric-coated drugs. |
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1SmartLady
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