In each blank, try to type in the
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If your not sure what answer should be entered, press the space bar and the next missing letter will be displayed. When you are all done, you should look back over all your answers and review the ones in red. These ones in red are the ones which you needed help on. Question: The longest and strongest bone in the body is?Answer: The femur bone. This bone and the joints are a frequent source of pathology when trauma occurs. Question: The proximal femur of four essential parts, what are they?Answer: The head, the neck, the and lesser trochanters. Question: The head of the femur is rounded and smooth for articulation with the hip . Near the center is a depression or pit called?Answer: The capitis. Question: What are the two aspects of the ?Answer: Body and Question: The greater trochanter is ?Answer: superiorly and laterally to the femoral shaft and is as a bony landmark. Question: What is the intertrochanteric ?Answer: The junction trochanters are joined posteriorly. Question: The angle of the neck to the shaft on the person is?Answer: 125 degrees with a + or - of 15 degrees Question: On a , wider person the angle of the neck to the shaft is going to be?Answer: 110 - 115 Question: On an average adult in the anatomic position the longitudinal plane of the femur is about how many from vertical?Answer: 10 Question: the head and neck of the femure is angled how many degrees anteriorly in to the shaft?Answer: 15 - 20 Question: The 15 - 20 degree anterior of the femoral head and neck causes the true AP - Pelvis to have what type of rotation?Answer: A 15 - 20 internal rotation of the femur and leg. Question: : The pelvis consists of four bones, what are they?Answer: Two hip bones (ossa coxae, also called innominate ) one sacrum, and one coccyx. Question: How many bones does the girdle contain? What are they?Answer: Two. The and the left hip bone. Question: Each hip bone is of three divisions. What are they?Answer: , ischium and pubis. Question: The ilium, ischium and pubis are seperate bones in children but fuse together during middle teens. This are of is called?Answer: Acetabulum Question: The acetabulum is a deep, cup-shaped cavity that accepts the head of the to form what?Answer: The hip Question: The ilium of?Answer: The iliac crest, the ala or wings, the Anterior Superior Spine (ASIS), the Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS), the anterior inferior iliac spine, the posterior inferior iliac spine, the greater sciatic notch and about 2/5 of the acetabulum. Question: The consists of?Answer: The body, the ischial , the ischial spine, the lesser sciatic notch and the ramus of the ischium. Question: The consists of?Answer: The body, the superior ramus of pubis, the inferior ramus of , the obturator foramen, the symphysis pubis. Question: A through the brim of the pelvis divides the pelvic area into how many cavities?Answer: Two. The or greater pelvis and the lesser or true pelvis. Question: The lower abdominal organs as well as the rest on the floor of?Answer: The or greater pelvis. Question: The or true pelvis forms what?Answer: The actual canal. Question: During delivery the baby's head travels?Answer: the inlet to midcavity to outlet. Question: Cephalopelvimetry exams were used in the past to baby's head and mother's pelvis. This exam has been replaced by?Answer: Ultrasound, Question: What are the of the male pelvis?Answer: Narrower, deeper, less flared.
Acute angle (<90)
is more oval or -shaped Question: What are the characteristics of the female ?Answer: Wider, more shallow, more flared
obtuse (>90)
more round, larger Question: What classification and type is the sacroiliac joint?Answer: ; amphiarthrodial Question: What classification and mobility type is the symphysis ?Answer: ; amphiarthrodial Question: What classification and mobility type is the of acetabulum?Answer: Cartligenous; synarthrodial (in ) Question: What classification, type and movement type is the hip joint?Answer: Synovial; diarthrodial, spheroidal (ball and ) Question: Calcification of anterior ligament of the spinal column. Also known as "bamboo spine" is?Answer: spondylitis Question: A malignant of cartilage, usually affecting men over 45 is called?Answer: Chondrosarcoma Question: DDH for?Answer: Dysplasia of the Hip. Question: DDH are hip that are present?Answer: at birth Question: Avusion fractures ?Answer: in adolescent athletes who experience a sudden forceful or unbalanced contraction of the tendinous and attachments. Question: Common aseptic or ischemic necrosis. Legions usually involve only one hip. Predominately in boys 10 -15 years of age.Answer: Legg-Calve-Perths Question: Maligancy spread through circulatory or systems. Common metastatic sites are the skull, spine, ribs, pelvis.Answer: Metastatic . Question: SCFE for?Answer: Slipped femoral epiphysis. Question: SCFE is a condition that usually in?Answer: 10 - 16 year olds rapid growth period. Question: With SCFE the epiphysis appears ? and the plate appears ?Answer: Shorter; wider with smaller . Question: Why must the leg be rotated 15 to 20 degrees internally for AP hip projections?Answer: To femoral neck parallel to the film. Question: Which bones fuse together to form the ?Answer: The ilium, ischium and Question: What bony cannot be palpated?Answer: The spine Question: Which bone of the girdle forms the anterior inferior aspect?Answer: Pubis Question: The pubis provides limited movement only?Answer: during pelvic and childbirth. Question: The two bony landmarks that are palpated for hip are?Answer: the ASIS and symphysis . Question: Using the ASIS and symphysis pubis , the femoral head can be located?Answer: 1 1/2 inches distal/below the midpoint of the imaginary line between the two bony . Question: Gonadal shielding of the male patient for the AP pelvis radiograph requires that the shield NOT extend above the of the:Answer: border of the pubis. Question: A common of the femur that elderly patients develop that leads to frequent fractures of the hip is?Answer: Avascular necrosis or proximal femur hip . Question: The use of 80kVp rather than 90 for an AP will have what affect on the patient dose?Answer: Will the dose by about 30% Question: ionization chamber in an AEC system should be selected for an AP projection of the hip?Answer: The center chamber Question: is the CR placed for an AP projection of the pelvis?Answer: Midway between ASISs and pubis Question: What is the amount of abduction of the femurs recommended for an AP frog-leg projection?Answer: 40 to 45 . Question: AP Bilateral "Frog-Leg" is also known as?Answer: The modified method. Question: What position best the superior and posterior rim of the acetabulum?Answer: Anterior oblique (Teufel ) Question: What projection provides the greatest of gonadal dose for a male patient (without the use of shielding).Answer: Axiolateral/inferosuperior projection (Danelius-Miller ) Question: AP "Outlet Projection" is also known as?Answer: The Method Question: Posterior Oblique - Acetabulum is also known as?Answer: The Method Question: PA Axial Obique Projection - is also known as?Answer: Method Question: Axiolateral Inferosuperior Projection: Hip and Proximal - Trauma is also known as?Answer: Danelius Miller Question: Modified Axiolateral - Possible Trauma Projection is also ?Answer: Clements - Nakayama Method. ( Katie's NACHO MAMA ) Question: What CR angle should be used for an AP axial (Taylor Method) for a male patient?Answer: 20 to 35 degree Question: How much obliquity of the body should be utilized for the anterior oblique projections for the sacroiliac (SI) ?Answer: 25 to 30 Question: Ture or False: The RAO position for the SI joint will demonstrate the right ?Answer: True Question: True or False: The anterior oblique (Teufel Method) for the requires a 10 to 15 degree obliquity.Answer: . Requires 34 to 40 degree obliquity. Question: Only a part, if any, of the lesser trochanter will be visible on a well postitioned axiolateral (inferosuperior) lateral hip.Answer: True Question: What projection be ideal for a patient with trauma to both proximal femurs (in addition to AP pelvis)?Answer: Modified axiolateral (Clements-Nakayama ) Question: The proper name method for the unilateral frog - leg is the?Answer: Modified Lauenstein and Hickey (Also known as cleaves method) Question: True or False: the male is more round than a femaleAnswer: False Question: True or : The pubic arch of the female is usually less than 90 degrees? Answer: . It is usually greater than 90 degrees. Question: A radiograph of an AP pelvis reveals the lesser trochanters are not visualized. this pelvis was performed for non-traumatic . what should be done to correct this problem on repeat?Answer: Nothing. Accept the radiograph and do not . Question: A radiograph of an AP pelvis reveals that the iliac wing is foreshortened as compared with the left side. What specific postitioning problem is present on this radiograph? Answer: left Question: A unilateral frog leg radiograph shows greater trochanter superimposed over femoral neck. of femoral neck fracture, what can Tech do to improve visibility of femoral neck region?Answer: CR 20 to 25 degree cephalad Question: A radiograph of axiolateral projection of the hip reveals soft tissue seen across the affected hip. Artifact prevents clear view of femoral head and neck. What must the tech do to eliminate this ?Answer: Increase the and flexion of unaffected leg. Question: A radiograph of an LPO projection for SI joints reveals that the ilium is superimposed over the involved SI joint. What type of positioning is present?Answer: rotation or obliquity. Question: A radiograph of an axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection reveals there is excessive amount of grid lines present. What will this problem?Answer: Keep cassette to CR. Question: A patient the ER with trauma to the pelvis. The patients main concern is about her left hip. What projection should be taken first to rule out fracture?Answer: AP Question: A non-trauma comes to radiology with history of chronic pain of the right hip. The patient is ambulatory and hasn't had previous radiographs taken. What routine would be best suited for this patient?Answer: AP pelvis and lateral frog-leg projections of the hip. Question: True or False: gonadal shielding for females cannot be used for either an AP hip or an AP pelvis due to the probability of covering pertinent anatomy.Answer: False. You can use shielding for the AP hip but not the Question: True or Fase: The gonadal dose for an AP hip with good collimation and correctly placed shielding is 3 to 5 greater for the male than the female.Answer: Question: True or False: A patient with excessive rotation of the foot may indicate a hip fracture.Answer: True Question: A radiograph of an AP axial (Taylor) projection reveals that the obturator foramina are not . What type of positioning problem is present?Answer: of pelvis Question: A patient enters ER with a possible separation of the symphysis pubis due to trauma. The AP pelvis is inconclusive for the extent of the injury. What other projection can be taken to evalate this region?Answer: AP (Taylor) projection Question: Request for right hip study. the patient is from extended care confused about cause of injury. An AP pelvis is taken, the lateral frog-leg causes severe pain. What other projection can be preformed instead of lateral frog-leg?Answer: the axiolateral/inferosuperior projection instead. Also called (Danelius Method) Question: Patient enters ER with possible fractured hips. What routine should be performed?Answer: AP and the modified axiolateral inferosuperior projection for both hips. Also known as the Clements-Nakayama Method. Question: what is the name of the found between the superior rami of the pubic bones?Answer: pubis Question: What are two terms for the hip bones?Answer: ossa coxae and innominate Question: which bony landmark is found on the most aspect of the posterior pelvis?Answer: Ischial Question: The upper margin of the greater trochanter is approximately how far above the of the superior border of the symphysis pubis?Answer: approximately 1 inch Question: The ischial tuberosity is approximatetly how far below the superior border of the pubis?Answer: 1 1/2 to 2 below Question: An imaginary plane that divides the pelvic region into the greater and lesser pelvis is ?Answer: the brim of pelvis or rim Question: Which imaging modality is most sensitive in diagnosing early signs of metastatic carcinoma of the ?Answer: nuclear Question: Now referred to as Dysplasia of the Hip.Answer: congenital Question: a resulting from a severe blow to the pelvisAnswer: ring fracture Question: What will improve overall visibility of the proximal hip demonstrated on an axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection?Answer: filter Question: of the following modalities will best demonstrate a possible pelvic ring fracture?Answer: A CT Question: True or False: Both joints must be included in an AP and lateral projection of the femur even if a fracture of the proximal femure is ?Answer: Question: Which ionization chamber(+s) should be used when using AEC for an AP projectionAnswer: Upper and left chambers Question: What positioning error has occured if the left iliac wing is elongated on an AP ?Answer: toward the left side. Question: What positioning error has occured if the left obturator foramen is more open than the right side on an AP ?Answer: rotation of pelvis toward the side Question: Is -Miller Method for Trauma or non-trauma?(axiolateral/inferosuperior hip)Answer: Trauma Question: Is Unilateral frog-leg trauma or non trauma? (Lauenstein/Hickey or Modified Cleaves Method)Answer: non-trauma Question: Is cleaves (bilateral frog-leg) trauma or non-traumaAnswer: non-trauma Question: Is Modified axiolateral (Clements-Nakayama) or non-traumaAnswer: trauma Question: Is exam for Anterior bone?Answer: trauma Question: What projection is to demonstrate the superoposterior wall of the acetabulum?Answer: PA oblique (Teufel Method) Question: How many degrees are the femurs abducted (from vertical plane) for the bilateral frog-leg (modified method)?Answer: 40 to 45 Question: is the central ray placed for a unilateral frog leg projection?Answer: mid femoral Question: what size is used for adult frog leg projection?Answer: 14 x 17 Question: is central ray placed for AP bilateral frog leg projection?Answer: 3 below ASIS and 1 inch superior to sympnysis pubis Question: What CR is required for the "outlet" projection (Taylor Method) for a female patient?Answer: 30 to 45 cephalad Question: What type of pathologic feature is best demonstrated with the method?Answer: Acetabulum Question: How much of the body is required for the Judet method?Answer: 45 degrees Question: What type of CR angle is used for a PA axial oblique (Teufel) ?Answer: 12 cephalad Question: how is the pelvis (body) positioned for a PA oblique (Teufel) projection?Answer: PA 35 to 40 degree affected side Question: True or : Any orthopedic device or appliance of the hip should be seen in its entirety on an AP hip radiograph?Answer: True Question: The axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection is for what kind of situations?Answer: Question: How is the unaffected leg for the axiolateral hip projection? Answer: flexed and elevated to superimpositon over the affected hip Question: do you use gonadal shielding on the male patient during an axiolateral (inferosuperior) of the hip?Answer: no you can not. Question: True or False: During an axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection of the hip the male patient recieves more than 20 times the gonadal dose than a .Answer: Question: The modified requires the CR angle to be?Answer: 15 to 20 degrees from horizontal. Question: Which special projection of the hip the anterior and posterior rims of the acetabulum and the ilioischial and iliopubic columsn? Answer: Method, posterior oblique projections of acetabulum Question: What CR is used for the Judet method?Answer: No CR Question: What is the name of the AP axial projection of the pelvis used to assess trauma to pubic and ischial structures?Answer: AP outlet projection, Taylor Method Question: name for Axiolateral (inferosuperior)Answer: Danelius-Miller Question: name for the Modified axiolateralAnswer: -Nakayama Method Question: name for Bilateral or Unilateral Frog-LegAnswer: Modified Method
Unilateral is also called Modified Lauenstein/Hickey Method Question: Another name for PA oblique for acetabulum?Answer: Method Question: name for the AP axial "outlet" projection?Answer: Taylor Question: Another name for the Posterior oblique for ?Answer: Judet Question: What is the amount of hip abduction applied for the unilateral "frog-leg" projection to demonstrate the femoral neck without distortion?Answer: 20 to 30 from vertical Question: True or False: The /Hickey method for the unilateral frog-leg will produce distortion of the femoral neck?Answer: Question: How much is the tilted for the modified axiolateral projection of the hip?Answer: 15 degree from Question: True or False: Gonadal shielding can be used for males for the /inferosuperior projection of the hip?Answer: False Question: An AP pelvis reveals the lesser trochanters are seen on the medial side of the femur. Which positioning modification needs to be made to this positioning error?Answer: rotate limbs 15 to 20 internally Question: An axiolateral/inferosuperior reveals the posterior aspect of the acetabulum and femoral head were cut off. What needs to be done on the repeat exam to better define this region?Answer: If possible elevate patient 2" by placing sheets or under the pelvis. Question: An AP axial projection for anterior pelvic bones reveals that the pubic & bones are not elongated. The tech used CR angle of 20 to 30 degrees cephalad for a female patient. What error was made?Answer: The CR angle for females is 30 to 45 degrees cephalad. 20 to 30 degrees is for a male Question: A patient ER with a pelvis injury due to MVA. The AP pelvis demonstrates possible defect or fracture of the acetabulum. No other fractures and patient can move comfortably. What additional projections will demonstrate possible acetabular fractures?Answer: PA Axial Oblique (Teufel Method) or the Posterior (Judet Method) Question: A radiograph from a modified axiolateral projection reveals excessive grid lineso n the image which also appears underexposed. What can be done to avoid this problem during the repeat ?Answer: Make sure CR is centered to midline of cassette and the face of the cassette is to CR. Question: A patient with hip pain from a fall ER. the physician orders a left hip study. When moved to the radiographic table, the patient complains very loudly about pain in hip. Which positioning routine should be used on this patient?Answer: AP and axiolateral/inferosuperior projection. Question: A young patient comes to the radiology department with chronic pain near the ASIS. She is an active athlete who was injured running hurdles. Her physician suspects fracture. Which position may best diagnose this condition? Will kV change?Answer: AP pelvis and posterior oblique (Judet Method). Decrease kV to 65 or 70. Question: A technologist notices that his AP pelvis projections often demonstrate a moderate degree of rotation. What positioning technique can he/she perform to eliminate of the AP pelvis projections?Answer: Palpate both ASISs and make sure they are distance to the tabletop. Question: A very young child comes to the radiology department with clinical history of DDH. What is the most positioning routine for this condition?Answer: AP Pelvis and bilateral frog-leg (Modified Method). Question: How many of the hip/pelvis projections require CR ? Which ones?Answer: 4 projections. The Method (AP Axial "outlet"), AP Axial "Inlet", Teufel Method (PA Axial Oblique), Clements-Nakayama (Modified Axiolateral). Question: Teufel Method (PA Axial Oblique) CR is?Answer: 12 cephalad Question: Method (AP Axial "Outlet") CR angle is?Answer: 20 to 35 cephalad for male, 30 to 45 degree cephalad for female Question: AP Axial "Inlet" CR is?Answer: 40 caudad. Question: Clements-Nakayama (Modified ) CR angle is?Answer: posteriorly 15 to 20 degrees from . Question: Body Angles: Unilateral Frog Leg (Modified /Hickey Method). Angle legAnswer: 45 from vertical Question: Body Angles: Teufel Method (PA Oblique) body angle is?Answer: 35 to 40 anterior oblique, affected side down. Question: Body Angles: Method (Posterior Oblique) body angle is?Answer: 45 degree posterior oblique, side up. Question: Body : Modified Cleaves Method (Bilateral Frog Leg) body angle is?Answer: abduct both 40 to 45 degree from vertical. Question: Body : AP PelvisAnswer: rotate both femora and leg internally 15 to 20 degrees. Question: AP Bilateral -leg" projection: Pelvis is also called?Answer: Modified Cleaves Question: AP "outlet" projection: Pelvis is also called?Answer: Method Question: Posterior Oblique -Acetabulum is also called?Answer: The Method Question: PA Axial Oblique Projeciton: Answer: The Teufel Question: Axiolateral Projection: Hip and proximal femur-trauma is also called?Answer: -Miller Method Question: Unilateral "frog-leg" -Mediolateral: Hip and proximal Femur is also called?Answer: Modified Method Question: Modified Axiolateral-Possible Trauma Projection: Hip and proximal femur is also ?Answer: Clements-Nakayama |
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