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Mythology II
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Enuma Elish | Babylonian creation myth (1300 b.c.e); in which Marduk defeats Tiamat, a primordial dragon that lived in salt water chaos, and creates the universe and human beings. |
| Genesis | First book of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament); contains two accounts of creation |
| Kingship of Heaven | Hittite creation story (14th or 13th century b.c.e); the god Kumarbi overthrows his father, Anu. |
| Aphrodite | Goddess of love and beauty; In Hesiod, she is created from the castration of Uranus; in other sources, she is the daughter of Zeus and Dione |
| Hesiod, Works and Days | Hesiod’s other poem; critical of his brother, Perses;shows that conflict happens at the domestic as well as the cosmic level. |
| Metis | Personification of wisdom; first wife of Zeus; he swallows her and produces Athena |
| Nine Muses | Daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne (memory); sources of inspiration for the arts, music, and intellectual pursuits; Hesiod met them on Mt. Helicon and credits them with inspiring his verse. |
| Athena | Goddess of wisdom, handicrafts, and victory in war; virgin goddess born from Zeus’ brain |
| Hera | Daughter of Cronus and Rhea; sister and wife of Zeus; goddess of marriage and domestic life |
| Eros | In Hesiod, an uncreated primal force that causes attraction and procreation |
| Hephaestus | Son of Hera; god of fire and forge; built the palace of the gods at Olympus; married to Aphrodite |
| Uranus | Son and husband of Gaea, a sky god; overthrown and castrated by Cronus |
| Gaea | An uncreated primal power; produces Uranus; mates with him to create the Titans |
| Titans | Race of giant gods; children of Gaea and Uranus |
| Typhoeus | A monster, half human, half reptile; offspring of Gaea and Tartarus; represents chaos that Zeus had to overcome |
| Cronus | Titan; After overthrowing Uranus, his father, rules the cosmos until his youngest son, Zeus, overthrows him |
| Rhea | Titan; wife of Cronus and mother of Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Hera, and Hestia |
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