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Chapter 5 Greece
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Polis | city-state, became the basic political unit in Greece. |
| acropolis | A high area with temples for the gods and spaces for public ceremonies. |
| Agora | marketplace, where people did business, gossiped, and discussed politics. |
| helots | state slaves in Ancient Greece |
| Hoplites | foot soldiers in Ancient Greece |
| Hubris | great pride |
| Democracy | a form of government run by people |
| Solon | Athenian statesman; he introduced the first civil democracy in Greece and created the Boule. |
| Tyrant | a strongman who seized power by force and claimed to rule for the good of the people. |
| Cleisthenes | Ancient Greek ruler often called the "father of democracy." He increased the size of the council that governed Athens to 500, and he reorganized Athenian tribes on a geographical rather than familial basis. |
| Direct democracy | All people vote directly on an issue |
| archon | who served as the chief of state in Athens |
| phalanx | a tight rectangle formation in which soldiers held long spears out ahead of a wall of shields |
| Pericles | Athenian statesman; he encouraged the spread of democracy in Athens and the growth of the city-state's power |
| Socrates | Greek philosopher in Athens; his teaching style was based on asking questions. He wanted people to question their own beliefs. He was arrested and condemned to death for challenging authority. |
| Plato | Greek philosopher; a student of Socrates, he started a school in Athens called the Academy. In The Republic he describes an ideal society run by philosopher-kings. |
| Aristotle | Greek philosopher and student of Plato; he taught that logic was the tool for any necessary inquiry; his work later became the basis for medieval scholasticism. reason clear and ordered thinking |
| logic | the process of making inferences |
| Homer | Greek poet, he wrote the epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey, which tell stores set during and after the Trojan War. |
| lyric poetry | named after a musical instrument called by the lyre that was often played to accompany the reading of poems; do not tell stories; deals with emotions and desires |
| Herodotus | Greek historian; his most famous work is The Histories, which describes major events of the Persian Wars. |
| Thucydides | Greek historian of Athens; he wrote The History of the Peloponnese War. He is regarded as the first critical historian and is often ranked as the greatest historian of antiquity. |
| Alexander the Great | King of Macedon and conqueror of much of Asia; he is considered one of the greatest generals of all time. |
| Hellenistic | Greeklike; the blending of Greek cultures with those of Persia, Egypt, and Central Asia following the conquests of Alexander the Great |
| Euclid | Greek geometer; he created practical books on geometric forms and mathematics. His work formed the basis for later European studies in geometry. |
| Eratosthenes | Greek astronomer and geographer; he calculated the circumference of the globe using careful observations and simple geometry. |
| Archimedes | Greek mathematician and inventor; he was known for his work in geometry, physics, and mechanics. |
| reason | Clear and order thinking |
Created by:
bprimo
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