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Astronomy chp 9
Astronomy - Jovial Planets
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| lists the outer planets in order of increasing mass? | Uranus, Neptune, Saturn, Jupiter |
| How do we know the internal structure of Jupiter: seismic waves, chemical comp, avg density and gravitational pull on spacecraft, measuring volume and density | avg density and gravitational pull on spacecraft |
| composition of Jupiter’s clouds | water, ice and ammonia |
| composition of Jupiter | more silicates than the entire Earth & very close to the Sun's composition |
| What evidence supports the hypothesis that Jupiter heated its satellites? | density of satellites decreases with distance from Jupiter |
| Saturn emits more energy than it receives from the Sun. What is the origin of Saturn’s excess energy? | energy released by helium droplets condensing in the atsmosphere & falling |
| The atmospheric features observed on Saturn are not as vivid and distinct as the ones observed on Jupiter. Explain the difference in appearance. | ice particles in atmosphere create a haze |
| how do we know that the rings of saturn are thin | can see stars through the rings |
| What causes the Cassini division in Saturn’s ring system: electrical charges, tidal forces, pull from Mimas, dust particles didn't accrete | repeated pull from Mimas |
| evidence supporting rings of Saturn may not come from the breakup of a single object: Cassini division, different chemical comp, different orbital speeds, different particle size | different chemical composition |
| What is the origin of the ring material of the Jovian planets? | tidal breakup of object that came too close to the planet |
| Is it safe for a spacecraft to cross the Roche limit of Mars? | Yes, because the tidal force is too weak |
| evidence supporting that the larger satellites of Saturn weren't heated significantly by Saturn: stallites formed much later, density increases with distance, have about the same density, saturn is very cold | have about the same density |
| explain the fact that Titan was able to retain an atmosphere, while Jupiter’s Ganymede did not: titan is larger, titan is colder, titan has higher density, titan is closer to saturn | titan is colder |
| Which of the following explains why Uranus has lower density and at the same time proportionately less hydrogen than Jupiter? | D - material in J is compressed to higher density by overwhelming gravity of jupiter |
| Uranus completes an orbit around the Sun every 84 years and spins once every 17 hours, approximately. Which of the following could be observed from the planet Uranus? | all of the above |
| The clouds of Uranus lack the bands that are characteristic of the other Jovian planets. What is the most probable cause for Uranus’ featureless appearance? less massive, colder, rotates slower, heated unevenly due to axial tilt | heated unevenly due to axial tilt |
| The discovery of Charon was significant because it allowed astronomers to determine: distance, age, mass, and/or radius of Pluto | mass and radius of Pluto |
| Why do astronomers believe that the Jovian planets are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium? | because they have low densities |
| Why do astronomers believe that the Jovian planets must contain rocky material in their cores? | because silicates and irons were part of the overall composition of the solar nebula |
| Which has a larger diameter, Uranus or Neptune? | uranus |
| Which has more mass, Uranus or Neptune | Neptune |
| The colors of Jupiter’s clouds suggest the presence of (organic molecules, H & He, CO2, red-shifted colors, iron) | organic molecules |
| The powerful _____ in Jupiter is a result of the ______ and ______ at the interior of the planet. | D - wind, coriolis effect, heat generated |
| lowest density of all the planets in the solar system. | saturn |
| The rings of Saturn consist primarily of _____. | water ice |
| Astronomers believe that the interior of Saturn’s satellites is mostly ____. | ice |
| Spectral analysis of Titan atmosphere indicate that Titan’s atmosphere consists mainly of _____. | nitrogen |
| Which plant has the most extreme seasons? | uranus |
| Which plant has the lowest density? | saturn |
| Which plant has the lowest density? | jupiter |
| Which of the following properties contributes the most to Uranus’s absence of bands in cloud surface: hydrogen, methane, rapid rotation, cold atmosphere | extreme axial tilt |
| Which planet has ammonia crystals? | saturn |
| Which planet has a nearly featureless appearance? | uranus |
| Which planet has a Great Dark Spot? | neptune |
| Which planet has the most visible colored bands? | jupiter |
| Which Galilean satellites is closest to Jupiter? | Io |
| Which Galilean satellites has the highest density? | Io |
| Which Galilean satellites has the lowest density? | Callisto |
| Which Galilean satellites has the longest orbital period? | Callisto |
| Which Galilean satellites is the most cratered? | Callisto |
| Which planet has the Mimas satellite? | saturn |
| Which planet has the Titan satellite? | Saturn |
| Which planet has the Europa satellite? | jupiter |
| Which planet has the Triton satellite? | neptune |
| Which planet has the Callisto satellite? | jupiter |
| Which is a property of the Ganymede satellite? orbits backwards, large radius, might have water, active volcanoes, huge cliffs | large radius |
| Which is a property of the Titan satellite? orbits backwards, large radius, might have water, active volcanoes, huge cliffs | large radius |
| Which is a property of the Io satellite? orbits backwards, large radius, might have water, active volcanoes, huge cliffs | active volcanoes |
| Which is a property of the Miranda satellite? orbits backwards, large radius, might have water, active volcanoes, huge cliffs | huge cliffs |
| Which satellite has the most jumbled surface? titan, eruopa, io, miranda | miranda |
| Which satellite has atmosphere? titan, eruopa, io, miranda | titan |
| Which satellite has long surface cracks? titan, eruopa, io, miranda | Europa |
| Which satellite has huge cliffs? titan, eruopa, io, miranda | Miranda |
| Which satellite has apparent ice floes on its surface? titan, eruopa, io, miranda | europa |
| Which Galilean satellite has the highest density? titan, eruopa, io, miranda | Io |
| Which satellite has an ocean of liquid methane? titan, eruopa, io, miranda | titan |
| Which is the largest satellite in the solar system? io, tritan, nereid, europa, ganymede | ganymede |
| Which satellite has atmosphere? io, tritan, nereid, europa, ganymede | triton |
| Which satellite has active volcanoes? io, tritan, nereid, europa, ganymede | io |
| Which satellite has the most inclined orbit to planets equator? io, triton, nereid, europa, ganymede | triton |
| Which satellite is suspected to have liquid water under its surface? io, triton, nereid, europa, ganymede | europa |
| Which large satellite orbits backwards? io, triton, nereid, europa, ganymede | triton |
| Which satellite has a large and highly elliptical orbit? io, triton, nereid, europa, ganymede | nereid |
| which planet has a single ring | jupiter |
| Which planet has a non-uniform distribution of particles in its rings? | neptune |
| Which planet’s ring system is made mostly of darker particles? | uranus |
| Which planet’s ring system has tiny particles? | jupiter |
| Which planet’s ring system has particles orbiting according to Kepler’s laws? | all of the ring systems |
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edeboo
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