Small group communication
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| Bormann and Bormann's Definition of small group comm: | it's one or more meetings of a small group of ppl who communicate face to face in order to fulfill a common purpose or achieve a common goal
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| Hill's definition of small group comm: | the process of communication in which a # of ppl who are both dependent upon and independent from each other meet in coordinated activity to accomplish personal goals, or shared goals, or both
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| What are the 4 approaches to groups? | rhetorical, humane, group dynamics, and systems analysis
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| Rhetorical: | the art of discovering the available means of persuasion within a specific context
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| humane: | interpersonal relationships, feelings, attitudes, etc.
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| group dynamics: | scientific; test things in labs
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| Systems analysis: | the identification of key internal and external components and their interaction
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| What does systems analysis do? | covers all other approaches (umbrella)
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| what are the two types of systems analysis? | closed system and open system
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| closed system: | this entity does not interact w/the environment (dangerous)
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| open system: | this entity does interact with the environment (good)
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| what are the 4 types of groups? | Primary, Secondary, Public, Private
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| Primary: | a group that's open and honest with each other, intimate, and where members feel free to reveal their personality
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| secondary: | less intimate, less open, and where members invest only a portion of their personality
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| public: | secondary; 3 types
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| private: | primary or secondary; 3 types
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| what are the three types of public groups? | panel discussion, symposium, and colloquium
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| panel discussion: | moderator (not a member), the rest are knowledgable on the subject. purpose = to share info on the subject
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| symposium: | collection of speeches; moderator (not a member); collection of speakers who individually give speeches
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| colloquium; | same as panel BUT audience can participate (Q and A)
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| What are four types of private groups? | problem-solving, appraisal groups, advisory group, social group
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| problem-solving: | analyze problem, create solution, and carry out solution
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| appraisal group: | fact-finding; recommend solutions, but no power to carry out solution
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| advisory group: | advise as to what course of action he/she should take on a problem
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| social Group: | self-help group (study group, cancer survivors, etc.)
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| what is the ideal/statistically most successful number for a group? | 5 or 7
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| what is an adhoc group? | a group made for the moment and no other time (get together to study on the spur of the moment)
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| What are the five traits of a group? | interdependence, interaction, networks of comm., goals, and roles
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| interaction: | all members interact (one thing effects everything) = circularity
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| circularity: | like the ripple effect
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| interdependence: | reliance on each other.
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| synergy: | coming up with something new unexpectedly
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| equifinality: | there are many different ways
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| networks of communication: | the flow of a message within a group
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| what are the three types of networks? | wheel, circle, and all channel
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| wheel: | good for crisis situation; all message flow from leader to others; leader in middle
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| circle: | everyone's opinion matters equally; all participate; all held responsible for decisions/outcomes of decisions
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| all channel: | sloppy but can be highly effective; can get side-tracked as everyone communicates; everyone is involved, therefore good chance for new ideas (synergy)
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| goals: | every group has goals (an end state)
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| what are the two basic goals of a group? | task and social (a successful group has both)
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| task: | what the group is trying to accomplish
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| social: | interpersonal stuff
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| roles: | a standard of expected behavior within a given social context
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| what are the two main types of roles? | task and social
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| what are the 5 types of task roles? | leader, coordinator, info. seeker, info. giver, recorder
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| what are the 4 types of social roles? | gate keeper, supporter, compromiser, and energizer
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| Leader: | a person who displays more influence over other ppl than they do over him/her
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| traits: | certain characteristics of a leader
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| trait theory: | certain characteristics help decide leaders (etc. president = white male)
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| what are the three leadership styles? | autocratic, democratic, and Laissez-faire
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| autocratic: | leader tells everyone what to do
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| democratic: | all members participate; opinions
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| Laissez-faire: | leader minus leader; hands-off approach
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| which is best? | depends on the situation, a leader should switch between all of the styles
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| functional approach: | function of group dictates leader
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| social leader: | works with ppl to solve problems
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| What are some communication skills for leaders? | don't manipulate, pay price for leadership, take time to listen, make tough decisions, talk up, do your homework, make personal sacrifices, raise the status of members, create group cohesion
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| How does a leader create group cohesion? | establish group identity and tradition; emphasize teamwork, treat ppl as humans
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