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Planning Making II AICP

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show total number of some entity. The total number of planners preparing for the 2011 AICP exam would be a population.  
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Sample is a   show
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show characteristics of a population.  
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show population based on observations made on a sample from that population. We infer things about the population based on what is observed in the sample.  
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show typical or representative value of a dataset. There are several ways to report central tendency, including mean, median, and mode.  
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Mean is the   show
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Median is the   show
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show most frequent number in a distribution. The modes of [1, 2, 3, 3, 5, 6, 7, 7] are 3 and 7. There can be more than one mode for a data set.  
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Nominal data is   show
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show ranked so that inferences can be made regarding the magnitude. However, ordinal data has no fixed interval between values. Educational attainment or a letter grade on a test are examples of ordinal data. Mode and median are the only measures of central te  
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Interval data is data that has an   show
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Ratio data has an   show
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show that is symmetrical around the mean. This is a bell curve.  
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A distribution skewed to the right has a   show
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A distribution skewed to the left has a few low numbers (outliers) that pull the mean   show
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Measures of Dispersion:   show
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show simplest measure of dispersion. The range is the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution. The age range of the respondents in a neighborhood survey goes from 18-year-old to 62-year-old. This results in a range of 44.  
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Variance is the   show
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show is the square root of the variance  
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show standard deviation of a sampling distribution. Standard errors indicate the degree of sampling fluctuation. The larger the sample size the smaller the standard error.  
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Confidence Interval gives an   show
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Chi Square is a   show
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show the goodness of fit of an observed distribution to a theoretical one.  
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show urban nucleus of 50,000 or more people. These urbanized areas may or may not contain any individual cities of 50,000 or more. In general, they must have a core with a population density of 1,000 persons per square mile and may contain adjoining territory  
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Urban Cluster   show
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show 50,000 or more inhabitants, or an urbanized area (of at least 50,000 inhabitants), and a total metropolitan population of at least 100,000.  
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show MSA and has a population of one million or more and separate component areas that can be identified within the entire area.  
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show PMSA's. An example is the Dallas-Fort Worth Consolidated Metropolitan Area. Dallas and Fort Worth are each primary metropolitan statistical areas.  
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Megalopolis   show
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Census Tract typically has a population between   show
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Census Block is the smallest level   show
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Minor Civil Division (MCD) is a unit only used in   show
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show by tribes that do not have a recognized land area.  
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Threshold Population   show
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American Community Survey (ACS)   show
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Baby Boomers   show
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show These people were born between 1965 and 1976, which was a period of low birth rates.  
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Generation Y (aka Echo Boom)   show
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show These are the children born after 2000. The exact years of this generation vary depending on the source.  
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show Topographically Integrated Geographical Encoding and Referencing map, which is used for Census data. A TIGER map includes streets, railroads, zip codes, and landmarks.  
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UrbanSim   show
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show is a software program that allows agencies to create 3D images. This allows citizens to visualize the potential for development and redevelopment  
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Digital Aerial Photography   show
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Digital Elevation Models (DEMs)   show
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show a laser, instead of radio waves, that is mounted in an airplane to provide detailed topographic information. It can provide a dense pattern of data points to create one foot contours for DEMs for use in watershed mapping and hydrologic modeling for flood  
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show also known as cost-revenue analysis, is used to estimate the costs and revenues of a proposed development on a local government.  
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show This is the simplest method, but it is also the least reliable. It divides the total local budget by the existing population in a city to determine the average per-capita cost for the jurisdiction. The result is multiplied by the expected new population a  
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show assumes the cost of service to a new development is the same as the cost to service the existing community. This may not be true.  
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show the figure calculated above and adjusts this based on expectations about the new development. This relies on subjective judgment.  
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Disaggregated Per Capita Method   show
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Dynamic Method:   show
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show s required to determine whether there is a significant environmental impact.  
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show Introduction includes a statement of the Purpose and Need of the,Proposed Action,Description of the Affected Environment; Range of Alternatives to the proposed action. Alternatives are considered the "heart" of the EIS;Analysis of the environmental impac  
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Environmental Impact Statement must address each of the following five topics   show
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Relationship between local short-term uses of the environment and the maintenance and enhancement of long-term productivity of the land; Any irreversible and irretrievable commitments of resources that would be involved in the proposed action.   show
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budget   show
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show Operating budget and capital budget  
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show includes everyday expenditures of an organization, such as supplies, personnel, and maintenance of office space.  
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capital budget   show
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A capital budget is a   show
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show emphasis is on projecting the budget for the next year while adding in inflationary costs. The advantage of this method is that it does not require any evaluation of existing services, it is easy to prepare and justify  
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Line-item budget only looks   show
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Planning, Programming, Budgeting Systems (PPBS)   show
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PPBS advantage of this method is that it helps   show
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PPBS disadvantage is that it is   show
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show Budget organized by program areas (includes program mission statements, objectives, and indicators of success); Long-range planning of goals, programs, and required resources; Policy analysis, cost-benefit analysis, program evaluation.  
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Zero-Base Budgeting (ZBB)   show
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show requires a department to consider every aspect of its operation and concentrate on why it does things the way it does.  
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ZBB disadavantage   show
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Zero-Base Budgeting (ZBB) includes the following components:   show
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show ntensive information requirements and limited benefits to managers.  
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show inking funding to performance measures. For example, funding could be tied to the amount of time it takes to process plat applications or building permits.  
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show departments develop and evaluate performance standards.  
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The disadvantage is that it is   show
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show Use of traditional function/object budget; Performance information on workload, productivity, outputs, and outcomes; Performance and spending may be linked through cost analysis, and program evaluation.  
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show uses current funds to pay for capital improvement projects;  
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show are ones that have been saved for the purchase of future capital improvements;  
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show oter-approved bonds for capital improvements. GO Bonds use the tax revenue of the government to pay back the debt;  
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Revenue Bonds use a   show
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Tax Increment Financing (TIF)   show
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Special Assessments allows a particular group of people to assess   show
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show “rent-to-own.” The benefit is that the government does not have to borrow money to finance the acquisition of a major capital improvements.  
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show all or a portion of the cost of a public facility to be paid for by someone other than the local government. Grants are available from all levels of government, private sector, and foundations  
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show The tax rate increases as income rises  
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show The tax rate is the same regardless of income.  
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show The tax rate decreases as income rises.  
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Fairness   show
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Certainty   show
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show convenient to pay. For example, vehicle registration taxes are mailed to vehicle owners' homes;  
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show collection and enforcement to be a straightforward process;  
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Productivity   show
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Neutrality   show
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show estimates the total monetary value of the benefits and costs to the community of a project(s) to determine whether they should be undertaken.  
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show Goals Achievement Matrix (GAM), Gantt Chart, Linear programming, Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT), and Critical Path Method (CPM)  
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Goals Achievement Matrix (GAM)   show
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Gantt Chart was developed in 1917 by Charles Gantt.   show
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show project management method that attempts to find the optimum design solution for a project.  
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Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) is a   show
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show Identify the specific activities and milestones; • Determine the proper sequence of the activities; • Construct a network diagram; • Determine the critical path; • Update the PERT chart as the project progresses.  
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show is a tool to analyze a project. The analysis results in a “critical path” through the project tasks. Each project task has a known amount of time to complete and cannot be completed before the previous one is completed.  
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