waves
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| wave | transfer of momentum & energy from 1 pt to another
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| three types of waves | mechanical, electromagnetic, and matter
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| mechanical waves | obey laws of classical physics and require medium to travel, separated into transverse and longitudinal waves
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| transverse wave | one which medium is displaced perpendicularly to the direction of wave propagation
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| longitudinal wave | one which medium is displaced parallel to the direction of wave propagation, ex: sound wave
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| wavelength | x-axis displacement of wave, from any point to the next point it repeats itself
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| frequency | # of wavelengths that pass thru fixed point in one second, measured in Hz
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| velocity relates to frequency and wavelength by which eqn? | v = f*wavelength
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| period | reciprocal of frequency = the number of seconds required for 1 wavelength to pass thru a fixed point
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| amplitude | A, maximum displacement from zero, always positive
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| transverse and longitudinal waves represented mathmetically with.. | sine functions
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| for a gas, velocity increases or decreases with temperature | increases - the greater th temperature, the greater the random velocity and the greater the sound wave velocity
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| two aspects of medium affect velocity | 1. medium's resistence to change in shape or elasticity and 2. the medium's resistance to change in motion or inertia
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| do sound waves move more quickly through hot or cold gases? | hot gases - velocity is limited by the average speed of molecules within that gas
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| wave intensity increases with... | the square of the amplitude and square of frequency for all waves
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| power of wave | rate at which wave transfers energy, expressed in intensity
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| intensity level | (B) = 10log(I/Io) given in dB's
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| phase of a wave | relates to its wavelength, freq, and place and time of origin = kx-omega*t
** horizontal shift of a wave on a graph
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| constructive interference | occurs when the sum of the displacements results in a greater displacement
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| destructive interference | occurs when the sum of the displacements results in a smaller displacement
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| beat | occurs when 2 waves with slightly different f are superimposed where at some points will have constructive/destructive interference -*alternating increase and decrease in the intensity of noise
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| beat frequency eqn | fbeat = f1 - f2
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| pitch | what is actually heard from the beat, average of the frequencies of the two frequencies, high notes - high pitch, and high frequency
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| when a wave transfers from one medium to the next, the wavelength ____ and the frequency ____. | wavelength changes and frequency remains the same
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| node | point in wave with zero displacement
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| antinode | point of maximum constructive interference
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| standing wave | condition where string holds perfectly still at nodes and moves violently up and down at the antinodes
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| first harmonic | aka fundamental wavelength, longest wavelength and created w/ the fewest # of nodes - two
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| second harmonic | one more node than the first harmonic
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| harmonic series where each end is tied down as a node or both ends are antinode | L = n*wavelength/2 where n (=1,2,3..) is the number of harmonic and L is the distance btw the two ends of the strong
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| harmonic series for string tied only at one end | L = n*wavelength/4 (n =1,3,5..)
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| resonant frequency | natural frequency
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| period for mass on a spring | T = 2*pi*sqrt(m/k)
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| period for pendulum | T = 2*pi*sqrt(L/g)
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| doppler effect | if source moves relative to receiver of the waves, each wave will travel a diff distance in order to reach the observer so it won't reach observer at the same frequency
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| when relative velocity brings source and observer closer... | observed frequency goes up and observed wavelength goes down
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| when the relative velocity brings source and observer further away | observed frequency goes down and observed wavelength goes up
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| doppler effect eqn | change in f / source f = v / c = change wavelength / source wavelength
where v = velocity of source and c = velocity of wave
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| wave intensity is proportional to... | its energy
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Created by:
miniangel918
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