USCSOM: Pathology: Wound Healing
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| What is the main difference between regeneration and healing via fibrosis? | fibrosis is replacement by connective tissue with scarring
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| What is the most effective method of increasing growth rate? | recruiting G0 cells back into cell cycle
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| What are labile cells? | continuously dividing, stem cells
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| What are the types of cells that are non-dividing? | nerve, skeletal muscle, cardiac
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| What are quiescent cells? | Stable cells
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| Where do adult stem cells reside? | niches
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| What is granulation tissue? | hallmark of healing, fibroblasts, angiogenesis and edema
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| What is VEGF? | vascular endothelial growth factor; stimulates proliferation and motility of endothelial cells
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| What does Ang 1/Tie2 do? | receptor on endothelial cell; promotes maturation of vessels
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| What does Ang2/Tie2 do? | w/VEGF stimulates proliferation; w/o VEGF inhibits
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| What is PDGF? | platelet derived growth factor; recruits smool muscle cells
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| What hormones induce VEGF expression? | TGF-alpha, TGF-beta, PDGF, hypoxia
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| What is the most important angiogenesis factor? | TGF-Beta; migration, proliferation, collagen
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| What are TIMPs and what do they do? | tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases; regulate collagen breakdown
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| What are the three phases of wound healing? | inflammation, formation of granulation tissue, ECM remodeling
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| What are some early characteristics of healing by primary union/first intention in first 24 hours? | scab, edema, lots of neutrophils
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| What are some early characteristics of healing by primary union/first intention by day 3? | macrophages; beginning of granulation tissue; fibroblasts produce glycopreteins
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| What are some early characteristics of healing by primary union/first intention by day 5? | all granulation tissue; new vessels formed; collagen increases
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| What are some early characteristics of healing by primary union/first intention by second week? | Granulation disappears; edema recedes; collagen formed
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| What are some early characteristics of healing by primary union/first intention by first month? | scar formed; cross linking of collagen;
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| What things can inhibit healing? | infection; foreign body; poor vascular supply; corticosteroids
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| What is keloid? | excessive formation of collagen at the site of a wound
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| What is proud flesh? | excessive granulation tissue formation
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