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Bacterias

USCSOM: Micro: Memorizing bacteria

Genus speciesCommon Name/DiseaseGram, Shape, AerobeIDSymptomsTransmissionTreatment
Shigella bacillary dysentery neg, rods, facultative anaerobe shiga toxin, responds to antibiotics bloody feces, intestinal pain oro-fecal, unwashed hands ampicillin
Salmonella enteritidis salmonella neg, rods, facultative anaerobe nause, vomit, non-bloody contaminated food self-limiting,
Salmonella typhi enteric fever, 'typhoid' neg, rods, facultative anaerobe Vi capsular antigen GI, gallbladder water, food, human antibiotics
Yersinia enterocolitica yersinia neg, rods, facultative anaerobe grows in cold diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain water, milk, meat antibiotics recommended
Vibrio cholerae cholera neg, comma, fac anaerobe oxidase +; cholera toxin watery diarrhea, dehydration feces/water, seafood fluid, tetracycline
Campylobacterjejuni neg,spiral microaerophilic, 42 deg watery, dysentery, falaise, fever, abdominal pain, associatedwith Guillan-Barre milk/meat self limiting
helicobacter pylori stomach ulcers neg, sprial urease+ producing NH3 and CO2 increased cancer risk chronically in stomach antibiotic
Treponema pallidum syphilis neg, long, motile dark-field micro, antibody cardiolipin chancre, flu, neuro genital, utero penicllin G
Borrelia burgdorferi Lyme disease neg, long, motile serum aBs rash, bacteremia, neuro, arthritis,relapsing fever ticks, antibiotics early
Leptospira Leptosipra neg, long motile serology flu-like, kidney brain, eye water from animal urine readily curable
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Gonococcus neg, diplococci chocolate, oxidase +, PCR septic arthritis, dermatitis sex penicillin, ceftriaxone
Neisseria meningitidis Meningococcus neg, diplococci spinal fluid, Thayer Martin meningitis young, crowded, respiratory Penicillin, vaccine w/ anti-capsular antibodies
Streptococcuspyogenes Group A Strep pos, chains, fac anaerobe beta-hemolysis, cat +, rheumatic fever, bacteremia
Streptococcusagalactiae Group B Strep pos, chains, fac anaerobe beta emo, hydrolysis of hippurate,CAMP
Eterococci Group D Strep pos, chains, fac anaerobe bile-esculin, alpha/gamma hemolytic UTIs resist vancomycin
Viridans streptococci pos, chains, fac anaerobe alpha-heme, neg for other tests endocarditis,dental caries tooth extraction, orally
Streptococcuspneumoniae pneumonia alpha-heme, solubule in bile opportunisticupper repiratorytract capsular vaccine, penicillin, vancomycin
Staphylococcus aureus commonest infection pos, grapes, fac anaerobe Beta, mannitol, cat+, coag+, golden pigmentation pneumonia, osteomyelitis, srthritis,bacteremia, endocarditis community and hospital vancomycin
Staphylococcus epidermis common contaminant of cultures pos, grapes, faculative anaerobes non-hemo, mannitol-, pigment-, coag- catheters, shunts, artificialheart valves vancomycin
Staphylococcus saprophyticus gamma-hemo, mann-, pigment-, coag- UTIs vancomycin
Bacteroides fragilis neg, rod,strict anaerobe, non-spore strict anaerobe abcess formation not penicllin
Clostridia tetani tetanus pos, rods, anaerobic spore tetanus toxin rigid paralysis,non-invasive soil vaccination
Clostridia perfringens gas gangrene pos, rod, anaerobic spore lecithinase+ necrosis, swelling of tissue soil, GI, food poisoning antitoxin, antibiotic, debridement
Clostridia botulinum butilism pos, rod, anaerobic spore botulinum toxin flaccid paralysis food poisoning anti-toxin, antibiotics
Clostrisium difficile C difficile pos, rod, anaerobic spore exotoxin A and B pseudo-membranous colitis normal flora alteration discontinue current ABs, vancomycin
Pseudomonas aeruginosa neg, rod, aerobe, oxidase+, polar flagella pigments: pyocyanisn, pyroverdin, fruity smell burns and wounds, CF, cytotoxic drug therapy airborne
Mycobacteriumtuberculosis TB acid-fast, rods, obligate aerobe production of niacin man-man airborne 2+ antibiotics
Mycobacteriumleprae leprosy, Hansen's disease acid-fast, obligate anaerobe acid-fast stains of skin biopsies, lepromin disfigurement armadillo reservoir dapsone, multi-drug
Mycobacteriumavium/intracellulare MAC complex acid-fast, obligate anaerobe CD4<100 associated with AIDS person-person in immunosupressed multiple drug combinations
Corynebacterium diphtheriae diphtheria pos, rod, strict aerobe Loeffler's medium; metachromatic staining choking? systemic and fatal injury found in normal flora anti-toxin, antibiotics, immunization
Legionella pneumophila Legionnares disease neg, rod, faculative buffered charcoal yeast extract, Cys+, Fe+ pneumonia aerosols, stagnant h2o, protozoa erythromycin,can be self-limiting
Bordetella pertussis whooping cough neg, short rod,strict aerobe bordet-gengou medium, PCR catarrhal (flu-like); paroxysmal, whoop, confalescent stage aerosol droplets erythromycin,vaccination
Haemophilus influenzae neg, non-motile sheep blood agar around Staph, Hemo-, GF+ meningitis resides in upper airway vaccination Hib
Haemophilus ducreyi Chancroid neg, non-motile parallel rows of rods and chains on exudate smear genital ulcers, regional lymphadenopathy STD azithromycin,ceftriaxone, cipro, erythro
Brucellosis abortus brucella neg, coccobacilli,strict aerobe non-hemo, non-motile, cat+, ox+, urease+ suppurative febrile cattle, cheese tetra/doxy with rifampin
Brucellosis canis brucella neg, coccobacilli,strict aerobe non-hemo, non-motile, cat+, ox+, urease+ suppurative febrile dogs tetra/doxy with rifampin
Brucellosis suis brucella neg, coccobacilli,strict aerobe non-hemo, non-motile, cat+, ox+, urease+ prolonged, kidney lesions swine tetra/doxy with rifampin
Brucellosis melitensis brucella neg, coccobacilli,strict aerobe non-hemo, non-motile, cat+, ox+, urease+ severe, recurring goats/sheep, cheese tetra/doxy with rifampin
Francisella tularensis tularemia neg, nonmotile, short, aerobe Serum aBs, BCYE ulcerating papule w/ necrosis, flu-like ticks, aerlsol streptomycin,gentamycin
Yersinia pestis The Plague neg, bacillus, bipolar, fac anaerobe agar neg, buboes black buboes, swollen lymph nodes, septicemia fleas, infected rodents, airborne streptomycin,tetracycline
Listeria monocytogenes Listeriosis pos, short cains, fac intracellular end-to-end tumbling at 25C, cold enrichment GI, meningitis,flu-like contaminated foods penicillin +/- gentamycin
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Erysipeloid pos, rod, nutrient broth, alpha-hemo burning lesions on periphery,non-suppurative skin abrasion contaminated animal/soil penicillin
Bacillus anthracis anthrax pos, rod, spore, aerobic smear of vesicular fluid malignant pustule, respiratory distress contact, inhalation penicillin, cipro, doxy
Bacillus cereus pos, aerobe, spore food poisoning, eye infections contaminated food self-limiting
Mycoplasma pneumoniae 'walking pneumonia' multiple shapes, strict aerobe lack of cell wall, metabolizeglucose, cold agglutinins atypical pneumonia, upper respiratory aerosolized; confined pops tetracycline, erythromycin
Mycoplasma hominis fac anaerobe cell wall-, arg+ pyelonephritis, postpartum fevers colonization during birth tetracycline, erythromycin
Mycoplasma genitalium fac anaerobe not cultured pelivc inflam disease tetracycline, erythromycin
Ureaplasma urealyticum fac anaerobe cell wall-, urea+ non-gonococcal urethritis, abortion, premature birth colonization during birth tetracycline, erythromycin
Chlamydia trachomatis Chlamydia like neg, LPS, energy parasites iodine-staining inclusion bodies, antigens trachoma (eyelids), conjunctivitis, discharge droplets, hands, clothing, flies, birth tetra, erythro, sulfas
Chlamydophilapneumoniae TWAR like neg, LPS, energy parasites 4x rise in titer bronchitis, sinusiis, pneumonia man-man by respiratory droplets tetra, erythro
Chlamydophilapsittaci Parrot fever, ornithosis like neg, LPS, energy parasites 4x rise in titers fever chills headach, non-productivecough inhalation of bird droppings tetra, erythro
Rickettsia rickettsii Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain indirect fluorescent aB test centripetal rash, fever chills, headach, myalgia Tick, ixodid (hard) tick tetracycline, chloramphenicol
Rickettsia akari Rickettsialpox small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain not available papule, ulcerates, ,forms eschar; fever chills, headache, myalgia Mite tetra expedites recovery
Rickettsia Prowazekii Epidemic typhus small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain Immunofluorescent aBs centrifugal rash, fever, chills, headache, myalgia Louse tetra expedites recovery
Rickettsia typhi Murine typhus small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain indirect fluorescent aBs fever, chill, headache, myalgia, centrifugal rash Flea, rats Tetra
Orientia tsutsugamushi scrub typhus small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain aBs fever, chill, headache, myalgia, centrifugal rash Mite, chiggers Tetra
Ehrlichia chaffeensis human monocytic ehrlichiosis small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain serology like Rocky Mtn, -rash, +leukopenia Lone Star tick doxycycline
Ehrlichia ewingii human granulocytic ehrlichiosis small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain serology like Rocky Mtn, -rash, +leukopenia Lone Star tick doxycycline
Anaplasma phagocytophilium human granulocytic ehrlichiosis small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain serology like Rocky Mtn, -rash, +leukopenia Deer/Dog ticks doxycycline
Coxiella burnetii Q fever small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain aBs to Phase 2 or Phase 1/2 antigen atypical pneumonia, fever, chill, myalgia, endocarditis inhalation of airborne particles tetracycline
Bartonella quintana trench fever, 5 day fever neg, aerobe, bacilli PCR/serology severe pain in tibia, 5 day intervals body louse erythro, doxy
Bartonella henselae cat-scratch disease neg, aerobe, bacilli serology chronic regional lymphadenopathy cat scrach, bites, fleas azithromycin
Escherichia coli E. coli neg, rods, facultative anaerobe serotype O157:H7; lactose +; pH acid dysentery; hemolytic-uremic syndrome fecal contamination fluid
Enterotoxigenic E. coli ETEC; 'travelers diarrhea' neg, rods, facultative anaerobe heat labile toxin; heat stable toxin watery diarrhea; fever, nausea fecal fluid
Enteropathogenic E. coli EPEC, infant diarrhea neg, rods, facultative anaerobe lesion involving microvilli fever, diarrhea, vomit, nasuea, non-bloody fecal fluid
Enteroaggregative E. coli EAEC neg, rods, facultative anaerobe brick-like clumps diarrhea, heavy mucus fecal non-invasive
Enteroinvasive E coli EIEC neg, rods, facultative anaerobe indistinguishable from shigellosis rare in US fecal fluid
Created by: jlellerm
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