Kaplan Section 6 - Inflammatory Drugs - Anti-5HTs, Anti-Prostaglandins
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ondansetron | Anti-emetic. 5HT3 antagonist. Commonly used in cancer therapy.
🗑
|
||||
| Granisetron | Anti-emetic. 5HT3 antagonist.
🗑
|
||||
| Prochlorperazine | Anti-emetic. DA antagonist.
🗑
|
||||
| Metoclopramide | Anti-emetic. DA antagonist. Commonly used in cancer therapy.
🗑
|
||||
| Diphenhydramine | Anti-emetic. H1 antagonist.
🗑
|
||||
| Meclizine | Anti-emetic. H1 antagonist.
🗑
|
||||
| Promethazine | Anti-emetic. H1 antagonist.
🗑
|
||||
| Scopolamine | M antagonist
🗑
|
||||
| Dronabinol | Cannabinoid
🗑
|
||||
| Aprepitant | NK1 receptor antagonist. NK1 - receptor to substance P
🗑
|
||||
| Where is serotonin made and stored? | In GI cells, neurons, and in platelets
🗑
|
||||
| How is serotonin metabolized? | by MAO type A
🗑
|
||||
| T or F: all 5HT receptor subtypes are G-protein-coupled | No. 5HT3 is coupled directly to an ion channel. The rest are G-protein-coupled.
🗑
|
||||
| Which serotonin receptors are found in the CNS? | 5HT 1 (inhibitory) and 5HT 2 (excitatory) and 5HT3 (area postrema)
🗑
|
||||
| What receptor does Buspirone affect? | 5HT1a
🗑
|
||||
| What is Buspirone used for? | GAD - generalized anxiety disorder
🗑
|
||||
| What receptor does Sumatriptan affect? | "triptan" is migraine drug (vasoconstriction of cerebral vessels --> dec pulsation --> decreases pain). 5HT1d
🗑
|
||||
| What is a unique adverse effect of Sumatriptan? | asthenia (feeling of weakness without loss of strength); chest/throat pressure or pain
🗑
|
||||
| How does activation of 5HT2 in the periphery affect smooth muscle? | 1. vasodilation, 2. contraction of smooth muscle in the following: GI, bronchi, uterus
🗑
|
||||
| What type of 5HT receptor is associated with platelet aggregation? | 5HT2
🗑
|
||||
| Olanzapine | 5HT2A antagonist in CNS, dec sx's of psychosis
🗑
|
||||
| Cyproheptadine | 5HT2 antagonist in CNS, used for GI tumor and anorexia nervosa
🗑
|
||||
| What is special about the activity of cyproheptadine? | 5HT2 antagonist as well as H1 antagonist
🗑
|
||||
| Odansetron | 5HT3 antagonist in CTZ as well as in GI tract --> dec emesis in chemo and radiation
🗑
|
||||
| Where do you find 5HT4? | GI smooth muscle and myenteric nerves
🗑
|
||||
| Tegaserod | 5HT4 agonist, give to IBD pts if they're experiencing constipation as well
🗑
|
||||
| Ergonovine | causes uterine sm muscle contraction --> given after placental delivery
🗑
|
||||
| Ergotamine | a and 5HT2 agonist; vasoconstriction --> dec pulsation in cerebral vessels--> dec pain in migraine attacks; used in acute attacks
🗑
|
||||
| Methysergide | a and 5HT2 agonist; vasoconstriction --> dec pulsation in cerebral vessels--> dec pain in migraine attacks; used prophylactically for migraines
🗑
|
||||
| Adverse effects of Ergotamine | 1. GI distress, 2. prolonged vasoconstriction --> ischemia and gangrene 3. abortion near term
🗑
|
||||
| Adverse effects of Methysergide | 1. GI distress, 2. prolonged vasoconstriction --> ischemia and gangrene 3. abortion near term 4. fibroplasia (abnormal increase of fibrous tissue)
🗑
|
||||
| Name the drugs that can be used for migraines | 1. "triptans" (like sumatriptan), 2. ergots (like ergonovine and ergotamine), 3. analgesics (ASA, NSAIDs, acetaminophen, opioid analgesics, butorphanol (opioid analgesic, nasal spray)
🗑
|
||||
| Name the prophylactic drugs for migraines | 1. Bblockers, 2. CCB's, 3. carbamazepine (anticonvulsant, block fast Na channels), 4. NSAIDs, 5. gabapentin (block voltage gated Ca channels), 6. methysergide, 7. valproic acid, 8. TCA's
🗑
|
||||
| Why do NSAIDs induce ulcers? | NSAIDs block cyclooxygenase --> PGE1 not made (PGE1 has protective action on gastric mucosa) --> ulcers
🗑
|
||||
| How do you treat NSAID-induced ulcers? | Use misoprostol (analog of PGE1)
🗑
|
||||
| What drug can maintain the patency of the ductus arteriosus? What is the mechanism? | Alprostadil is analog of PGE1. Causes vasodilation --> Relaxes the ductus arteriosus in early postnatal life and supports its patency when continuously infused i.v. in neonates with congenital heart defects who depend on a patent ductus for survival.
🗑
|
||||
| What is ductus arteriosus? | connection between the pulmonary artery and the aortic arch that allows most of the blood from the right ventricle to bypass the fetus' fluid-filled compressed lungs
🗑
|
||||
| What drug can you use in male impotence? | Alprostadil is analog of PGE1. Causes vasodilation --> treats male impotence.
🗑
|
||||
| Alprostadil is analog of PGE1. Causes vasodilation --> treats male impotence. | no. Can only use as abortifacient!
🗑
|
||||
| What is PGE2 used for? | uterine smooth muscle contraction.
🗑
|
||||
| What drugs can be used for cervical ripening? | misoprostol (PGE1 analog) or dinoprostone (PGE2)
🗑
|
||||
| What drugs can be used as abortifacient? (in conjunction with mifepristone, RU486) | misoprostol (PGE1 analog) or dinoprostone (PGE2)
🗑
|
||||
| How is RU486 an abortifacient? | antagonizes the endometrial and myometrial effects of progesterone. leads to trophoblast detachment, resulting in decreased production of hCG, which in turn causes decreased production of progesterone by the corpus luteum
🗑
|
||||
| Why should RU486 be followed by a prostaglandin? | anti-progesterone to cause trophoblast detachment, then need uterine smooth muscle contraction to expel
🗑
|
||||
| Dinoprost | PGF2alpha - uterine and bronchiolar smooth muscle contraction. Abortifacient with RU486.
🗑
|
||||
| Carboprost | PGF2alpha - uterine and bronchiolar smooth muscle contraction. Abortifacient with RU486.
🗑
|
||||
| What happens to PGE2 and PGF2a in primary dysmenorrhea? | both increase. NSAIDs help --> may be due to NSAID inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.
🗑
|
||||
| Lantanoprost | decreases intraocular pressure --> used in treatment of glaucoma
🗑
|
||||
| Epoprostenol | PGI2 (prostacyclin): platelet stabilizer and vasodilator --> used in primary pulm HTN
🗑
|
||||
| How do thromboxanes (TXA2) affect platelets | Causes platelet aggregation
🗑
|
||||
| What do thromboxanes do to smooth muscle? | Vasoconstriction and bronchoconstriction
🗑
|
||||
| How do prostacyclins (PGI2) affect platelets? | Causes platelet stabilization (inhibits aggregation)
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
christinapham
Popular Standardized Tests sets