| Question |
Answer |
| What is the main difference between regeneration and healing via fibrosis? |
fibrosis is replacement by connective tissue with scarring |
| What is the most effective method of increasing growth rate? |
recruiting G0 cells back into cell cycle |
| What are labile cells? |
continuously dividing, stem cells |
| What are the types of cells that are non-dividing? |
nerve, skeletal muscle, cardiac |
| What are quiescent cells? |
Stable cells |
| Where do adult stem cells reside? |
niches |
| What is granulation tissue? |
hallmark of healing, fibroblasts, angiogenesis and edema |
| What is VEGF? |
vascular endothelial growth factor; stimulates proliferation and motility of endothelial cells |
| What does Ang 1/Tie2 do? |
receptor on endothelial cell; promotes maturation of vessels |
| What does Ang2/Tie2 do? |
w/VEGF stimulates proliferation; w/o VEGF inhibits |
| What is PDGF? |
platelet derived growth factor; recruits smool muscle cells |
| What hormones induce VEGF expression? |
TGF-alpha, TGF-beta, PDGF, hypoxia |
| What is the most important angiogenesis factor? |
TGF-Beta; migration, proliferation, collagen |
| What are TIMPs and what do they do? |
tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases; regulate collagen breakdown |
| What are the three phases of wound healing? |
inflammation, formation of granulation tissue, ECM remodeling |
| What are some early characteristics of healing by primary union/first intention in first 24 hours? |
scab, edema, lots of neutrophils |
| What are some early characteristics of healing by primary union/first intention by day 3? |
macrophages; beginning of granulation tissue; fibroblasts produce glycopreteins |
| What are some early characteristics of healing by primary union/first intention by day 5? |
all granulation tissue; new vessels formed; collagen increases |
| What are some early characteristics of healing by primary union/first intention by second week? |
Granulation disappears; edema recedes; collagen formed |
| What are some early characteristics of healing by primary union/first intention by first month? |
scar formed; cross linking of collagen; |
| What things can inhibit healing? |
infection; foreign body; poor vascular supply; corticosteroids |
| What is keloid? |
excessive formation of collagen at the site of a wound |
| What is proud flesh? |
excessive granulation tissue formation |
Cardio Block2anatomy
