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Mammography1
Patient Education and Assessment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The biggest risk factor for breast disease is | gender |
| One of the minor risk factors for breast cancer could include | not breast-feeding |
| What is the approximate risk of developing breast cancer for a woman whose father's sister has the disease? | higher than normal risk |
| Seventy-seven percent of breast cancers are discovered in women in which age group? | above age 50 |
| Symptoms of benign breast disease not seen mammographically can include | nipple discharge |
| Symptoms of a malignant breast cancer can include | -skin thickening -nipple discharge -calcifications |
| Skin thickening can be malignant but could also be caused by | -a breast abscess -postradiation |
| The two main classifications of breast cancer are | -ductal -lobular |
| MRI could be used | -to image patients with breast implants to evaluate ruptures -to determine tumor margins and the extent of tumor spread |
| Chemotherapy | involves the use of drugs to treat cancer that may have spread |
| The ACS recommends that | -Woman above 40 should have a screening mammogram every year -new masses or lumps in the breast should be checked by a health-care provider. |
| A health-care provider should evaluate which of the following breast changes? | -lumps or swellings -skin irritation or dimpling |
| A CBE should be performed every | -year after age 40 - 3 years between ages 20 and 39 |
| A CBE can be performed by which of the following? | -the radiologist -a health-care professional |
| A BSE should be done regularly by | the patient |
| All women above the age ___ should perform a BSE regularly. | 20 |
| The two-step method of BSE is to | look and feel for changes in the breast |
| When visually inspecting the breast, the changes that should be recorded include | -changes in size and shape -changes in texture or color -indentations |
| The patient's medical history and documentation will | -provide the radiologist with information on the patient's risk factors for breast cancer -provide information about possible benign breast conditions of the patient |
| The importance of BSE and a CBE is stressed because | -both will help in the detection of malignant breast conditions -a mammogram is not 100% effective |
| Which of the following are methods used in BSE? | -using the pads of the three middle fingers to palpate the entire breast -palpating around the breast in a vertical pattern -using up varying degrees of pressure while palpation of the breast |
| For a menstruating woman, when is the best time of the month to perform a BSE? | when the breast is least tender |
| Which of the following statements are true? -Breast CA death rates in US are going down. -BR CA is the leading cause of cancer death in women in US -The second leading cause of cancer death in women in US is BR CA | -BR CA death rates in US are going down. -The second leading cause of CA death in women in US is BR CA |
| Postmenopausal obesity is associated with | circulating estrogen that is produced in fat tissue |
| A process of removing tissue, muscle, and fat from the belly and transferring that tissue to reconstruct the breast is called? | TRAM flap |
| Antiestrogen drugs such as tamoxifen can be used to | -slow or stop the cancer's growth -prevent breast cancer in high-risk women -prevent the recurrence of breast cancer |
| In routine mammography, the radiation dose per projection is generally about | 0.1-0.2 rad |
| Which age group is likely to get the most radiation dose from a mammogram? | between 20 and 35 |
| The 5-year old survival rate for a patient with a stage 0 breast cancer is about | 100% |
| During a mammogram, which of the following will affect the average glandular dose per breast? | -degree of breast compression -the half-value layer (HVL) of the x-ray beam -breast size and composition |
| In general, the optimal duration of tamoxifen treatment is | 5 years |
| Lumpectomy describes the process of | removal of the breast cancer tumor and surrounding margins of normal breast |
| Radiation therapy can be used | -combined with other treatment options -to kill any remaining cancer cells in the breast, or chest wall area -to shrink the size of a tumor before surgery |
| Chemotherapy is a class of drugs that can be used to | stop the spread of cancer to other parts of the body |
| Breast reconstruction can involve the placement of small fluid-filled sacs behind the pectoral muscle. Two common types of such implants are | silicone or saline implants |
| With its high sensitivity, MRI is ideal as | an adjunctive tool in detecting breast cancer |
| MRI imaging involves the use of | magnetic properties plus radio waves to image the breast |
| Ultrasound uses | high-frequency sound waves to image the breast |
| MRI can be used to | -map the extent of a tumor -image patients with implants -evaluate patients with dense breast |
| Conventional ultrasound imaging of the breast is often used to | verify that a lesion seen on the mammogram is solid of fluid filled |
Created by:
Raiderette209
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