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Disease Final
Micro-Gram Positive Bact
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Catalase Positive bacteria | Staphylococcus |
| Catalase Negative Bacteria | Streptococcus |
| How to differentiate between Staph and Strep | Catalase Test |
| enzyme to induce reaction of reducing H2O2 into H2O and O | Catalase |
| most pathogenic bug for humans | Staph aureus |
| low pathogenicity, normal flora | Staph epidermidis |
| Cat +, Coagulase - | S. epidermidis |
| Cat+ Coag+ | S. aureus |
| enzyme that induces coagulation, converting fibrinogen into fibrin to protect bacteria from immune system | coagulase |
| Catalase(-) beta-hemolytic organisms | Strep pyogenes, Strep agalactiae |
| Catalase (-) alpha-hemolytics | Strep pneumoniae/viridans |
| Beta-hemolytic group B streptocossus cause of neonatal infections | Strep. agalactiae |
| organisms that completely hemolyze erythrocytes | Beta Hemolytic Gp A/B strep |
| partial/green hemolysis of erthrocytes | Alpha Hemolytic Strep. pneumonia/viridans |
| 54 y/o, fever, SOB, prod. cough, CP, smoker, sudden onset fever/chills/ST. T 103F, resp distress, Neutrophilic leukocytosis, infiltrates lower lobe -> G(+), pustular exudate, cluster coccus, non-spore forming facultative anaerobe | staph aureus |
| multiple coalescing, small absecces, result of ... central cavitation, tissue destruction | staph aureus |
| biologic properties directly contributeing to necrotizing PNA? | hyaluronidase break down CT and coagulase -> forming abscess |
| hallmark of staph infections from hyaluronidase breakdown of CT | abscess/pus |
| infection in children, staph exotoxin causing sloughing of skin, exotoxin is released from the bacteria | staph scalded skin syndrome |
| what's the difference to distuguish between staph and strep? | catalase + is staph; Cat- is strep |
| G+ Cat+, Coag- normal flora, leading pathogen in nosocomial infections | Staph epidermidis |
| 21 y/o M in shock, fever, tachycardia, tachypneic, HoTN, productive cough, blood-tinged sputum yields Gram + diplococci, with visible halos from polysaccharide capsule | strep pneumoniae, major PNA cause |
| Virulence factor of the capsule: role in interfering with phagocytosis? | prevents C3b opsonization |
| sudden onset, chills, fever, dyspnea, productive cought, purulent sputum, rales is typical or atypical PNA? | Strep pneumoniae, typical |
| gradual onset, nonproductive cough, HA, ST: typical or atypical? | Atypical: viral |
| Group B strep causes PNA in what population? | neonates |
| Strep pneumoniae causes PNA in what pop? | Adults/Elderly |
| gram positive rods cause PNA in what common area? | nosocomial |
| Apriation PNA from what type of organisms? | anaerobes |
| PNA from S. pneumo, Klebsiella pneumo in what pop? | alcoholics |
| IV drug users can get PNA from what org? | S. aureus |
| most common cuase of community-acquired PNA as a secondary infection... | S. pneumoniae or pneumococcus |
| Strep Throat: Tonsillar exudate, fever, cervical lmphadenopathy likely from what organism | Group A Beta Hemolytic S. pyogenes (Impetigo/reddish patches) |
| invasive cause of severe and rapid tissue destruction including: Cellulitis, Myositis, necrotizing fasciitis | Gp A Beta hemolytis strep pyogenes: scarlet fever! |
| delayed sequel to GpA strep throat infections can cause valvultitis(endocarditis) | Rheumatic Fever |
| leading cause bacterial infection/death in newborns, causing sepsis, PNA, meningitis | GpB strep agalactiae |
| what culture is golden standard for dx of strep pharyngitix with 90-95% sensitivity? | Throat culture |
| localized PNA, fever, productive cough, bloody sputum, G+ diplococci, Cat-, suppurative inflammation | strep pneumoniae |
| G+, Cat+, Coag-, non-hemolytic | staph epidermidis |
| throat swab: tonsillar exudate, G+, BetaHemolytic, Cat- cocci causing HTN, general edema, glomerulate dz, hematuria, proteinuria | Strep pyogenes |
| Acute immune complex DZ formation of Abs against strep and localization of immune compleses in Kidney, occurs only after infection with nephrtiogenic strains of GpA Beta hemolytic strep | Poststrep glomerulonephritis |
| neonatal meningitis, CSF with G+ chains, beta hemolysis, Cat- function | Strep agalactiae |
| specialized media for Neisseria/Haemophilus | chocolate agar, abx impregnated media "Thayer Martin" for Neisseria |
| flora of vagina, transfered to neonate during delivery causing gpB strep infections | Strep agalactiae |
| 2-y/o with ST lethargic, irritable, anorexit for 3d, tugs at ears. otitis media dx. what's the org? | Strep pneumoniae |
| Spore-forming aerobe | bacillus |
| spore-forming anaerobe | clostridium |
| non spore-norming aerobe | listeria |
| non spore-forming anaerobe | corynebacterium |
| homeless alcoholic to the ER with sz activity, spactic paralysis, lock jaw, rigid back spasms, stiff, hyperextended neck | TETANY!!! |
| anaerobic culture shows G+ spore forming bacilli in pt with paralysis | clostridium tatani |
| large rods, often an endospore at one end, in soil and deep wounds (anaerobic conditions) | clostridium tetani |
| vaccine to help prevent tetanus in children | DTaP |
| Surgical site discoloration, hemorrhagiv bullae, serosanguineous d/c with extensive gas in tissue: with anaerobic growth, likely to be? | clostridium perfringens, mixed culture is common in GI inf. |
| gas gangrene from post-surgical wound, anaerobic, G+ large rod, disease only when they leave the normal spot, spore-forming | clostridium perfringens |
| gas in tissue, fementation of glucose to produce gas in gas gangrene | Clost. perfringens |
| 2-wk old, fever, V/D 2-3d, convulsions, full term delivery, hydrocephalus, CNS findings suggested meningitis. CSF: non spore-forming, Cat+ rod, G+ with tumbling motility in wet mount | listeria monocytogenes |
| only cause of neonatel meningitis that is G+ rod | listeria |
| ingested raw milk/cheese, deli meats, vag delivery causing gastroenteritis, septicemia, neonatal meningitis from maternal colonization | listeria |
| 3 wk old M in ER for fever, poor eating, irritabilty, sz; preterm, low wt after vag delivery, nuchal regidity. CSF: leukocytosis, protein, low glucose, G+ cocci chains, bacterial meningitis, invasive encapsulated organism | strep agalactiae |
| 2 causes of neonatal meningitis from maternal colonization | listeria, strep agalactiae |
| 63 y/o paper editor, N/V, confusion, malaise, fatigue, fever, chills, sweats, leukocytosis, abnormal RBCs, increased protein, CSF: G+ bacilli; hemorrhagic mediastinal lymphadenitis; central oval spores, cutaneous black eschar | bacillus anthracis |
| gradual descending paralysis, Large G+ anaerobic rod, spore-forming, transmit by food, honey, dust | Clostridium botulinum |
| neurotoxin blocks release of Ach at myoneuronal junction, causes diplopia, dry mouth, dysphagia, paralysis | botulinum toxin |
| neurotoxin causing oropharyngeal pseudomembranes, heart with myocarditis, laryngeal nerve palsy | diptheria toxins |
| 34 y/o F muscle weakness, diplopia, grandma's green beans and chicken/rice. Cause? G+ aerobe spore-forming | Bacillus cereus (from rice) |
Created by:
emtdan85
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