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Image Prod Unit 2
Stewart-Chapter 2 / Cassettes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Any type of holder used to protect and transport the radiographic film as it travels throught the medical imaging dept / hospital: | Cassette |
| Cassettes are _____ and _____ tight. | Air; Light |
| List the 2 types of cassettes: | Conventional; Computed Radiography |
| What is the major difference between conventional cassettes and computed radiography cassettes? | Computed radiography cassettes do not have a hard copy film |
| Instead of using film, cassettes for computed radiography will use an _________ ________. | Imaging plate |
| What type of imaging devices are used in Digital Radiography? | Imaging receptors inside the x-ray table or upright bucky. |
| What kind of cassette does digital radiography use? | They don't use cassettes |
| How are the images removed from digital radiography image receptors so that they can be reused? | erased with white light |
| The two types of conventional cassettes: | Grid and Non-Grid |
| Which does not have a lead backing, grid or non-grid? | Grid |
| The primary purpose for grid cassettes is what? | to reduce scatter or secondary radiation from reaching the image receptor |
| The grid for a grid-cassette is placed or built into the front or back panel? | Front |
| What converts x-ray energy to visible light energy? | Intensifying screens |
| Conventional cassettes are designed to hold what 3 things? | 2 intensifying screens and 1 film |
| _____% of density on radiographic film is produced from light emitted from the screens. | 95 |
| Name in order from the outside inward, the parts of a cassette down to the film: | Front panel Padding Reflective layer Phosphor layer Protective layer (screen) Protective layer (film) |
| List the 3 key purposes of a Cassette: | 1. Keep the intensifying screen and the film in close contact 2. Protect the screen & film from damage 3. Protect the film from exposure to external light |
| What is the frame of a cassette made of? | Aluminum, Steel, or heavy plastic |
| The front panel of a cassette is made of what? (ABC-PM) | 1. Radiolucent material w/ a low atomic # 2. Aluminum, Bakelite, Carbon fiber, Plastic, Magnesium |
| The back of regular cassettes contain what to remove backscatter radiation? | Lead Foil |
| What does the back of a Phototimed cassette resemble? | Low atomic # material to allow radiation to pass thru easily |
| The thickness of the back of a regular cassette containing foil helps to minimize what? | Film/Screen contact gap |
| These are unwanted, irregular density or marks seen on a radiograph that are not normally seen in the body: | Artifacts |
| Name some common causes of artifacts: | Poor processing conditions Improper film handling Patient clothing Jewelry Dirt or other foreign material |
| Where is patient identification placed? | On the blocker |
| This is the rectangular area lined with lead so it can not be exposed to radiation: | Blocker |
| What is used on a blocker? | Flasher or ID Marker |
| List the 7 characteristics of a good cassette: | 1. Lightweight & durable 2. Smooth, washable surface 3. Not easily bent 4. Lightproof 5. Maintains good film/screen contact 6. Easily opened & closed 7. Smooth/rounded edges & corners |
| The screen speed refers to what? | The time it takes for the screens to fluores (convert x-rays to visible light) |
| Cassettes are usually labeled to indicate their ________ speed. | Screen |
| What are 2 types of cassette screen speeds? | Regular (400 speed); Extremity (200 speed) |
| Cassettes should be ________ with a _______ number. | Numbered; Lead |
| What kind of cassette is designed to reduce magnification by placing the body part closer to the cassette (reducing OID)? | Curved cassette |
| These came after automatic processors and require no darkroom as the films can be loaded and unloaded in an illuminated area: | Daylight cassettes |
| These are boxes lined with lead that if the door on one side were opened, the door on the opposite side (darkroom side) could not be opened | Passbox |
| What is a defining feature of Mammography cassettes and what do they eliminate as a result of this feature? | Only have 1 screen; Eliminates CrossOver or CrossTalk that occurs in dual screen cassettes |
| Computed Radiographer uses what kind of cassette? | A screenless Photostimulable-Phospor Plate |
| How should cassettes be stacked and what is a common mishandling mistake? | Stacked vertically; Carrying too many |
| Always clean what between patients? | The front of the cassettes |
| What could be used to protect the cassettes during use on a patient with contact precautions? | Pillow case |
| How do you protect the cassettes from large amounts of fluid? | Place them in a plastic bag |
| This is used for imaging parts with close to the same density but because it is not readily visible, could cause a positive artifact (decreased density) on an image if it is present on the front of the cassette: | Iodinated Contrast Media |
| What are the 2 major problems that occur with cassettes? | Light leak Poor Screen/Film Contact |
| The 3 most common causes of Light Leak from most common to 3rd most common: | Most Common - Misuse 2nd - Accidental Dropping 3rd - Normal Wear |
| How do you perform a light proof test on a cassette? | Load cassette with film and 2 screens Expose for 10 mins to 100 watt tungsten filament lamp at 39 inches (1 meter) |
| During evaluation of a film after a light proof test, what would indicate light leakage? | Increase of density by 0.1 on the edges |
| What are the diagnostically important areas for light-proofness: | All 4 edges to a maximum of 3mm (1/8 ") |
| What are some causes for poor screen-film contact? | Sprung frame/loosened or broken hinges or latches Warped front panel Warped screen due to excessive moisture Worn screen backing foreign matter between screen & film |
| How often should cassettes be tested for good screen/film contact? | Annually |
| This has a significant influence on radiographic image quality and leads to accurate diagnosis? | Screen-Film Contact |
| What is the procedure for the Wire Mesh Test: | 1.Clean screen/cassette & allow 2 dry completely 2. Load film-wait 3mins(allow air to escape) 3. Place wire grid on top of cassette(3.15mm) 4. Expose @ 70kV (density approx. 2.8) 5. Process film & view an illuminator from at least 1.5 meters |
| When observing the results from a Wire Mesh Test, What are you looking for? | 1. Overall uniform density indicates good film/screen contact 2. Dark areas would indicate poor film/screen contact |
Created by:
foster1317
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