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Trombly - ch 5
ROM, strength & endurance
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Limits of motion | the beginning & ending postion of movement @ a joint. Is determined by sturcture & integrity of surrounding tissue |
| Passive range of Motion (PROM) | The amount of movement possible @ a joint when an outside force moves the limb |
| Active range of motion (AROM) | The amount of movement possible @ a joint when the patient voluntarily moves the limb by muscle contraction |
| What is the problem it active range of motion is less than passive range of motion | There is a problem of muscle weakness |
| If the limitations are observed the therapist | attempts to move the joint through full range of motion |
| If the joint is free to move the end range, the problem is | Active motion |
| If the end range can not be attained when the therapist moves the limb, the problem is | Passive motion sensor |
| The goniometer is used to measure | Joint motion |
| Every goniometer has | protractor, axis and two arms |
| Shoulder flexion is in what plane | Sagittal plane |
| Shoulder abduction is in what plane | Frontal plane |
| Shoulder horizontal abduction & adduction is in what plane | Horizontal plane |
| Which range of motion is more reliable | Active motion measurements |
| A significant limitation is one that | Decreases occupational functioning or maybe two deformity |
| Limit of motion can be compared to | involved extremity |
| It is important to compare an initial evaluation scores to | Mid in post treatment scores to assess the outcome |
| One cause of limited range of motion is quantified using circumferntial or volumetric measurements | edema |
| Volumetric measures | Changes in mass of the body part by using water displacement |
| The figure eight technique | To measure edema |
| Pain is another possible cause of range of motion limitations. True or false | True pain built up that willingness to move |
| visual analog scale, faces test, color scale, adjective test: measure | Intensity of pain (VAS is the most frequent) |
| 0 to 10 scale | Zero no pain, 10 the worst pain |
| Muscle strength | Demonstrating the degree of muscle power when movement is resisted as with objects or gravity |
| Weakness is | Lack for reduction of power of the muscle or muscle group |
| Maximum voluntary contraction | The maximum amount of tension that can be produced under voluntary control is commonly used to measure strength |
| Break test | The muscle to be tested is positioned at its greatest mechanical advantage |
| Make test | the joint is placed in a gravity eliminated position in the handheld dynamometer is placed perpendicular to the limb segment |
| Mechanical advantage | Refers to the link tension relationship of the muscle |
| Prior to Manual muscle testing | The passive range of motion scan should be done to determine what range of motion is available at each joint |
| Most important too score reliability | Repeated tests |
| Manual muscle testing is valid and reliable for | Measuring muscle strength |
| name Pinch tests | Tip pinch, lateral pinch, palmer pinch |
| Ability to sustained effort and to resist the fatigue | endurance |
| Cardiopulmonary endurance | Ability of the whole body to sustain prolong rhythmical activity |
| Endurance of a muscle or muscles group is the ability to | Sustain intense activity |
| Endurance may be decreased because of | Local trauma or reduction of innervation |
| Endurance can be measured by | Dynamically or statically |
| Dynamic assessments include | Number of repetitions per unit of time for the maximal heart rate generate but aerobic activity or exercise or metabolic equivalent level |
| Frequency duration and intensity of the activity are considerations of | Evaluation of endurance |
| Intensity is related to both | Speed and resistance |
| Basal metabolic rate is | amount of oxygen consumption to maintain the metabolic processes (ex respiration, circulation, peristalsis, temperature regulation, glandular function) of the body @ rest & is quantified as 3.5ml of oxygen per kilogram of body weight per minute |
| 1-2 MET | Eating, dressing, washing hands and face, sweeping four, desk work, riding in a car, standing, walking 1 miles per hour, playing cards, painting |
| 2.5 - 3.5 MET | Showering, food prep, make bed, iron, clean windows, well-being, parts assembly, buying a musical instrument, walking 2 miles per hour, cycling 5.5 miles per hour, horseback riding, billiards, bowling, golf, |
| 4-5 MET | Raking leaves, walking downstairs, heavy assembly work, like carpentry, walking 3 miles per hour, cycling 9 miles per hour, golf carrying clubs, |
| 5.5 - 6.5 MET | Walking with braces & crutches, mowing the lawn by hand mower, carpentry, chopping wood, walking 4 miles/hr, tennis, horseback riding (trot), ice or roller skating |
| 7-8 MET | Shoveling 22 pounds for 10 minutes, baking, jogging 5 miles/hr, Sking (vigours), horseback riding (gallop) |
| 8.5 - 9.5 MET | Shoveling 31 pounds for 10 minutes, running 7.5 miles/hr, fencing, football, basketball |
| One MET equals | Basal Metabolic rate |
| Heart rate is measured by | Placing the index finger lightly but firmly over the radial artery at the wrist and counting the number of beats per minute |
| Whether to measure it dynamically or statically depends on | The functional goal of the patient and his or her cardiopulmonary status |
| If patient expects to return to work for a hobby that requires maintain grasp for holding loads, they should be tested | Static endurance |
| If patient activity is mostly isotonic they should be evaluated | Dynamically |
| isometric holding increases | Blood pressure and stresses the cardiopulmonary system |
| When performing isometric testing the patient should be able to | Talk, count or sing to prevent holding breath |
| The difference between resting and peak exercise heart rates: measured in beats per minute | Maximum heart rate reserve |
| The mechanical effect caused by the length of extrinsic finger flexors and extensors. When the rest is flexed in the fingers tend to extend because the extensors are too short to allow full finger flexion and wrist flexion at the same time | Tenodesis |
Created by:
jen4zoe
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