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Merrills Ch.17 Abd
Test Question
Question | Answer |
---|---|
• expanded portion of terminal esophagus is called the | cardiac antrum |
• The part of the stomach in the figure below is the | cardiac antrum |
• The part of the stomach in the figure below is the | pyloric antrum |
• The stomach wall has how many layers | 4 |
• The muscle controlling the opening between the stomach and duodenum is the | pyloric sphincter |
• Which body habitus has the stomach nearly vertical | asthenic |
• Functions of stomach include | Storage of food and chemical breakdown of food (ONLY) |
• What is the length of the adult small intestine | 22 ft |
• The wall of the small intestine has how many coats | 4 |
• How many portions is the small intestine | 3 |
• Area identified in the figure below is the | Pyloric portion |
• Widest portion of the small bowel | duodenum |
• Most distal portion of small intestine | ilium |
• The ilium and jejunum are attached to the posterior wall of the abdomen by the | mesentery |
• Main functions of the small bowel are | digestion and absorption (ONLY) |
• Length of large intestine | 5 ft |
• Wall of colon has how many layers | four |
• Main functions of large intestine are | reabsorption of fluids and removal of waste products |
• Vermiform appendage of colon is attached to the | cecum |
• Area of colon in figure below is | ascending |
• Area of colon in figure below | cecum |
• How long does it take barium to go through the alimentary canal and reach the rectum | 24 hrs |
• Which contrasts used for gastrointestinal tract | air, barium sulfate, water soluble contrast (ALL) |
• Which are used to record the fluoroscopic image | TV, cine, video recording (ALL) (IM NOT SURE ABOUT THIS ONE) |
• Most important technical consideration for GI radiography | elimination of motion |
• Respiration for all radiographs of stomach and intestines | expiration |
• What is the recommended oblique position and projection for esophagus | PA RAO |
• Degree of body rotation for PA oblique esophagus | 35 - 40 degrees |
• Recommended position for series of esophagus | recumbent |
• What are the advantages of using the recumbent position for esophagus | varices better filled, more complete contrast filling (ONLY) |
• What plane is centered to grid in the lateral esophagus projection | midcoronal plane |
• Which best describe the admin of barium for esophageal varies | exhale, swallow barium, blow breathe out |
• Patient prep for morning stomach exam | food and fluid withheld after midnight |
• Food and fluid are withheld for how long before a stomach exam | 8 hours |
• Contrast exams for stomach include | single and double contrast |
• What are the advantages of using a double contrast technique for stomach | small lesions less easily obscured, mucosal lining of stomach more clearly visualized |
• Which drug is given before double contrast exam of stomach to relax GI tract | glucagon |
• Which describes the plane centered to grid for the PA stomach and duodenum on a 24 x 30 cm IR | sagital plane between midline and lateral border |
• How much lower should the IR be positioned for the upright stomach | 3-6 in |
• For PA stomach and duodenum, what plane is centered to grid | midsagittal plane |
• What are the essential oblique projections of stomach and duodenum | LPO and RAO |
• How much is body rotated for PA oblique stomach and duodenum | 40-70 degrees |
• How much is body rotated for PA oblique stomach | depends on body habitus |
• Greatest rotation would be used for which habitus | hypersthenic |
• Which of the following show the duodenal bulb and loop In profile | PA oblique RAO |
• Which of the planes is centered to the grid for the PA oblique stomach and duodenum | longitudinal plane between the lateral border of the elevated side and vertebrae |
• For which projection of the stomach would a positioning sponge be used | AP Oblique |
• Which level is the IR centered for AP or PA oblique stomach and duodenum | L1-L2 |
• Average body rotation for AP oblique stomach and duodenum | 45 degrees |
• Degree of rotation for AP oblique stomach radiograph ranges from | 30-60 degrees |
• Which best shows fundus of stomach | AP oblique LPO |
Which plane is centered fro lateral stomach and duodenum | between midcoronal plane and anterior surface |
• Which projection of stomach best shows diaphragmatic herniations | AP Trendelenburg |
• Which position best shows gastric portion of duodenum and AP stomach | supine and Trendelenburg |
• Which methods are used to admin barium for small intestine | Enteroclysis, mouth, reflux filling (ALL) |
• Patient prep for small intestine is | food/fluid withheld after evening meal and no breakfast |
• The first small intestine radiograph is taken how many minutes after barium | 15 min |
• Essential projections for small intestine | AP and PA (ONLY) |
• Where is IR centered for small intestine within 30 min of barium | 2 in above iliac crests |
• Where is IR centered fro delayed radiographs of small intestine | iliac crests |
• Which exams require the use of time markers on radiograph | small intestine ONLY |
• Methods of examine the colon | single and double contrast |
• High density barium sulfate is used for | double contrast exams ONLY |
• Prep for colon exam is | laxative, dietary restrictions, and cleansing enemas |
• Which is true for administering retention balloon | inserted by a radiologist USING fluoroscopy |
• Which position should the patient be in for insertion of an enema | SIMS |
• How far is the bag placed for barium enema | 18-24 in |
• Which radiographs re taken during a single contrast exam | spot radiographs and post evac radiographs |
• methods of performing a double contrast barium enema include | single stage and double stage procedure |
• Resp for all large intestine | SUSPENDED |
• Which projections will show the retrosigmoid area during a BE | Lat, PA axial, and AP axial |
• Cr angel for PA axial large intestine | 30-40 degrees caudad |
• Which plane is the CR centered for PA oblique LAO or RAO large intestine | plane 1-2 in |
• Which projection best shows the ascending colon | PA oblique RAO |
• Which projection best shows the left colic flexure | PA oblique LAO |
• Which projection best shows the rectosigmoid area | PA axial |
• What level is center of IR positioned for lateral rectosigmoid area | ASIS |
• Degree of body rotation for AP oblique large intestine | 35-45 degrees |
• Which projections show right colic flexure | LPO and RAO |
• Which projections show descending colon | LAO and RPO |
• Where is IR centered for all decub large intestine radiographs | iliac crests |
• Which show the rectosigmoid area in the axial projection | Chassard-Lapine method |
• General term to describe the artificial opening in the intestine | enterostomy |
• Which projections are used for defacography | lateral |
• Wall in esophagus has how many layers of tissue | 4 |
• The folds of lining of stomach are termed | rugae |
• Esophagus joins the stomach through an opening called the | cardiac orifice |
• Opening between stomach and small intestine | pyloric orifice |
• What percent of population is sthencic and hypersthenic | 85% |
• The common bile duct and pancreatic duct unite to form the | hepatopancreatic ampulla |
• The opening inside the duodenum when enzymes enters | greater duodenal papilla |
• The large intestine is made of a series of pouches called the | haustrum |
• The pouch like portion of the large intestine | cecum |
• Which type of habitus is the large intestine bunched together | asthenic |
• For all projections of the esophagus the top of the IR is positioned at the level of the | mouth |
• The PA stomach shows | stomach contour and duodenal bulb |
• How far is the ___ inserted into the rectum | no more than 4 in |
• The entire colon is best demonstrated in which projection | PA or AP |
• Which projection of the colon will best show the medial ascending colon and lateral descending | AP right lateral decubitus |
• Which projections shows the lateral ascending and medial descending | left lateral decubitus |
• Which projection of the colon shows the posterior portions of the colon | lateral ventral decubitus |