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Nervous system 10
Question | Answer |
---|---|
CNS | Central Nervous System |
CSF | Cerebrospinal Fluid |
CT | Computed Tomography |
CVA | Cerebrovascular Accident |
EEG | Electroencephalography |
LP | Lumbar Puncture; "spinal tap" |
MRA | Magnetic resonance angiography |
MRI | Magnetic resonance imaging |
MS | Multiple Sclerosis |
PET | Position Emission Tomography |
TIA | Transient ischemic attack; Temporary interference with the blood supply to the brain |
cerebell/o | cerebellum |
cerebr/o | cerebrum |
encephal/o | brain |
lept/o | thin, slender |
mening/o , meningi/o | membranes, meninges |
my/o | muscle |
myel/o | spinal cord (means bone marrow in other contexts) |
myc/o | fungus |
neur/o | nerve |
redicul/o | nerve root (of spinal nerves) |
thec/o | sheath (refers to the meninges); wraps around |
vag/o | vagus nerve (10th cranial nerve) |
alges/o , -algesia | excessive; sensitivity to pain |
-algia | pain |
caus/o | burning |
esthesi/o , -esthesia | feeling, nervous sensation |
kines/o , kinesi/o , -kinesia , -kinesis , -kinetic | movement |
-lepsy | seizure |
lex/o | word, phrase |
-paresis | weakness |
-plegia | paralysis (loss or impairment of the ability to move parts of the body) |
-praxia | action |
-sthenia | strength |
syncop/o | to cut off, cut short ; fainting |
tax/o | order, coordination |
hydrocephalus | abnormal accumulation of fluid (CSF) in the brain ; "water on the brain" |
spina bifida | congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of the vertebral parts (the lamina don't fuse/idiopathic) |
Alzheimer Disease | Brain disorder marked by the gradual and progressive mental deterioration (dementia), personality changes, and impairment of daily functioning. There is as yet no effective treatment. |
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | Degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem; also known as Lou Gehrig disease |
Epilepsy | chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity |
Tonic-clonic seizures | Grand Mal or Ictal events ; characterized by sudden loss of consciousness, falling down, and then tonic contractions |
Absence seizures | Petit Mal ; minor form consisting of momentary clouding of consciousness and loss of awareness of the person's surroundings |
Huntington Disease | "St. Vitus Dance" ; hereditary disorder marked by degenerative changes in the cerebrum leading to abrupt involuntary movements and mental deterioration |
Multiple Sclerosis | destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and its replacement by plaques of sclerotic (hard) tissue. |
Palsy | paralysis (partial or complete loss of motor function) |
Parkison Disease | Degeneration of neurons in the basal ganglia, occuring in later life and leading to tremors, weakness of muscles, and slowness of movement |
Tourette Syndrome | Involuntary, spasmodic, twitching movements ; uncontrollable vocal sounds ; and inappropriate words |
Herpes Zoster | Shingles; viral infection affecting the peripheral nerves |
Meningitis | Inflammation of the meninges. Can come in two forms bacteria (pyogenic) or viral (aseptic) |