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Rads 1130
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How are atomic # and binding energy related? | The higher the atomic # the more tightly bound it is |
| What is ionization? | loss or gain of an electron |
| What is Ohm's law | V=IxR |
| How are frequency and wavelength of a sine wave related? | inversely proportional |
| What is the unit of resistence? | Ohm |
| What is a conductor? | Allows electrons to flow |
| 3 materials that are insulators | Plastic, rubber, and glass |
| Describe self induction | a single coil supplied with AC |
| What is a sine wave? | electromagnetic wave. Ac and Dc |
| What is the unit of current flow? | amp |
| What is the wavelength of an x-ray? | 0.1-0.5 angstroms |
| Define ferromagnetic? | permeable, nickle, cobalt, and iron |
| How do line of force travel outside of the magnet? | north to south |
| What is the function of a transformer? | Induces current from primary to secondary |
| what is the function of a generator? | turns mechanical energy into electrical |
| What is the function of a rectfier? | Changes AC to DC |
| What is Eddy current loss? | Opposing forces, in the core of the transformer |
| What is copper loss? | I2R, inheriance resistence to all conductors |
| what is the velocity of an x-ray? | speed of light |
| what is an electromagnet? | wrapped coil of wire around ferromagnetic core; flux density can be further increased |
| What is an isotope? | gain or loss of a neutron |
| What is a molecule? | 2+ atoms |
| what surface of conductors do electrical charges reside? | outside |
| Left hand rule: what indicates the magnetic line of force? | index finger |
| Right hand rule: what does the thumb indicate? | direction of current flow |
| Type of transofrmer located in the filament circuit | step- down |
| Can a transformer function on DC current alone? | No, needs AC to induce the current |
| Can an x-ray function on AC current alome? | No, the tube with explode |
| 3 methods of electricfication | contact, friction, and induction |
| Describe paramagnetic | low permiability; platinum and allimunimun |
| What is a stator? | pair of electromagnets around a rotor |
| What is potential difference? | strength of electron flow |
| Transformer law formula | Vs/Vp=Ns/Np |
| What are solendroids used for in x-ray equipment? | detent of the tube |
| How many rectifiers does full-wave rectification have? | 4 |
| Valve tube, diodes, semiconductors and thyristor are all what? | rectifiers |
| What is the unit of frequency? | hertz |
| What is the function of the transformer? | Radio dial, lets you select you different factors |
| Define energy | the ability to do work |
| A commutator ring allows a generator to produce? | DC |
| What is an atomic #? | # of protons; z # |
| List all the orbital shells starting at the nucleus | k-Q |
| What is the unit of binding energy of elecrton in the nucleus? | eV (electrovolt) |
| What type of energy is x-ray? | electromagnetic |
| What is an angstrom? | wavelenth of an x-ray |
| Hoe are frequency and photon energy related? | Directly proportional |
| what is the magnetic flux formula? | mag force= field strength/area |
| What is a series circuit? | linked |
| What is a parallel circuit? | individual |
| What is a capacitor? | stores current |
| What is a coulamb? | unit of quantity |
| What is current? | # of electrons form - to + |
| What term describes the force with which electrons travel? | volts, electromagnetic force |
| Describe the law of repulsion | opposites attract |
| What is magnetic flux, or flux density? | force field |
| Describe the inverse square law as it related to magnetism | inversly proportional |
| Regarding magnet, what is permability? | ease to become magnetized |
| Regarding magnetism, what is retentivity? | tha ablilty the stay magnetized |
| How many coils are required for mutual induction? | 2 |
| What device use a slip ring? | generator |
| What is a step-up transformer? | Increased the voltge and decreases the current (amp) |
| What is a step-down transformer? | increases curent and decreases voltage |
| Why must current be rectified prior to reaching the x-ray tube? | So it doesn't go back and ruin the tube |
| define 1/2 wave rectification | stops DC |
| define full wve rectification | converts DC to AC |
| what charge do protons have? | + |
| What charge do neutrons have? | none |
| what charge do electrons have? | - |
| describe ionization? | loss or gain of an electron |
| How many electrons can be in the outer shell? | 8 |
| What is wavelength | the distance between to successive point |
| What is an atom? | the smallest particle of an element |
| What is molecule? | 2+ atoms |
| What is a substance? | definate and constant composition (simple and complex) |
| Define radiation | energy emitted and transferred through matter |
| What is an electon volt? | energy 1 electron will have when eccelerated by electrical potential of 1 volt |
| Name several properties of x-ray | Highly penetrating, electrically neutral, wide variety of wavelengths, give off heat, travel in a straight line and at the speed of light, ionize matterm fluorescence, can't be focused, affect photographic film, produce scatter, chemical and biological ch |
| What is a conductor? | any material that an electron may flow freely, copper, aluminum, water |
| What is an insulator? | any material the an electron can't pass through freely, glass, wood, rubber |
| describe unit of current flow | move form highest concentration to lowest |
| describe potential difference | the force which electrons travel between positive and neg |
| Descrieb resistance | amount of opposition to the current |
| define Ohms law | current along a conductor is proportional to the potential diffence |
| What are the laws of electrostatics? | 1-Repulsion & attration 2- Inverse square law 3-Distribution 4-Concentration 5- movement |
| What ate the laws of magnetism? | repulsion/attraction Inverse square law magnetic pole: every magnet has 2 poles |
| What are the classifications of magnetic material? | Ferro: iron, cobalt ,nickle- highly permiable Para: platinum, aluminum- low permeability Dia: berylium, bismuth, lead- weakly repel mag. forces Non: wood, glass, rubber- not affected by magnetic fields |
| How do lines of force flow inside and outside of a magnet? | inside: s to n Outside: n to s |
| What is a transformer? | opperates on Ac to change electricity form primary to secondary voltage |
| What is a motor? | converts electrical to mechanical |
| Types of transformers | Step-up: step up voltage & down current Step-down: step down voltage & up current Autotransformer: let's you step up variable (KVP) |
| What is a solenoid? | detents tube Conducting wire looped to form a coil, doubles the magnetic force. Flux density is increased |
| Where are slip rings used? | generators, no interuption of current flow |
| Right hand thumb rule | Thumb: current Finger: direction of induced magnetic field lines |
| Right hand generator rule? | Thumb: direction of conductor index: direction of magnectic field of force middle: current flow direction |
| Left hand motor rule? | Thumb: direction the conductor will move Index: direction of magnetic lines Middle: direction of current |
| What is air-core transformer | 2 coils of wire in proximity |
| Describe open core | fill primary and secondary coils with iron core (inrease field) |
| Describe closed core? | closed core on top adn bottom to increase field strength |
| describe shell type | coverge both inside and outside line of force through iron core |
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