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head & face anatomy
Structures of the Head and face
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Bones of skull divided into what two groups | Neurocranium and Facial Skeleton |
| Roof of skull (calvaria) formed by what bones | frontal bone, parietal bones, and occipital bone |
| (flat) part of the frontal bone forming the skeleton of the forehead. | squamous |
| the angular boundary between the squamous and orbital parts of the frontal bone | Supraorbital margin |
| Floor of cranial cavity formed in part by | occipital, sphenoid, frontal, ethmoid, and temporal |
| passageway to auditory complex found in the temporal bone | External acoustic meatus |
| contains complex inner ear | Petrous part of temporal bone |
| lateral expanse of temporal bone | Temporal fossa |
| bony projection for attachment of muscles found in the temporal bone | Styloid process |
| where the temporal bone meets the zygomatic bone | Zygomatic process |
| Occipital condyles articulate with | C1 |
| passage way for spinal cord located in the occipital bone | Foramen magnum |
| locations for muscular attachments in the occipital bone | external occipital protuberance and the superior and inferior nucal line |
| unpaired bone that forms part of the medial wall of each orbit and therefore, part of the lateral walls of the nose | Ethmoid |
| the ethmoid bone forms roof of nasal cavities and transmits what cranial nerves information | Cranial nerve 1 |
| Ethmoid can be seen in the nasal aperture as the | perpendicular plate and middle conchae. |
| what nasal conchae are a part of the ethmoid bone | the superior conchae and the middle conchae |
| On superior surface of cribiform plate there is a vertical boney projection known as the | Crista Galli |
| It is an irregular unpaired bone that consists of a body and three pairs of processes: greater wings, lesser wings, and pterygoid processes. | sphenoid bone |
| where does the pituitary gland sit | turk's saddle |
| Pituitary tumors manifest with visual changes often as first sign because of proximity to the | optic chiasm |
| Paranasal sinuses lie in the frontal, sphenoid, and the | Maxillary bones |
| what bone forms the prominence of the cheek. | zygomatic bones |
| Eachzygomatic bone has a projecting process that unites with a similar process of the temporal bone to form the | zygomatic arch. |
| what bones form the bridge of the nose | The nasal bones |
| toothbearing bones of upper jaw | Maxillae |
| the maxilla and the palatine bone forms what structure that separates the nasal and the oral cavity | hard palate |
| Lacrimal bones are located here | the medial wall of the orbit |
| rami of the mandible articulate with what bone | the temporal bone |
| the chin is most associated with this structure | Mental protuberance |
| what bones make up the rim of the orbital socket | frontal, zygomatic, and maxillary bones |
| what bones make up the interior portion of the orbital socket | lacrimal, ethmoid, palatine, and shenoid bones |
| the nasal septum is made up by the inferior and posterior vomer bone and what part of the ethmoid bone | perpendicular plate |
| the roof of the nasal cavity is made up of what structure of the ethmoid bone | cribiform plate |
| the function of the superior, middle and the inferior conchae is to | to clean and warm air |
| fibrous joints in the scull in which the surfaces of the bones entering the joint are united by fibrous connective tissue. | Sutures |
| suture located in the midline, running in an anteroposterior direction between the parietal bones. | Sagittal suture |
| suture that marks the juncture between the parietal bones and the frontal bone. | Coronal suture |
| suture that is apparent laterally between the temporal and parietal bones. | Squamous suture |
| suture that is posterior and lies between the parietal and occipital bones. | Lambdoid |
| In the newborn infant, bones of the cranium, instead of being tightly joined by sutures, are united by membranes that are gradually converted into bone. these are called | fontanels |
| this fontanel is located where the originally paired frontal bones and the two parietal bones approach each other in the midline, and is easily palpable. | anterior fontanel |
| this fontanel is between the two parietal bones and the occipital bone, also palpable, but for a much shorter period of time because it closes earlier than the anterior | Posterior fontanel |
| two fontanels on each lateral aspect of the skull at the juncture of the parietal, frontal, sphenoid and temporal bones | anterolateral (sphenoidal) fontanel |
| fontanel that is located where the temporal, occipital and parietal bones meet | Posterolateral (mastoid) fontanel |
| Facial muscles are different from other muscles because instead of moving one bone upon another, they move and are attached to primarily what | skin |
| mimetic muscles is another name for what | facial muscles |
| what is the name of the muscle group in the face that consists of only one muscle | platysma |
| the actions of the depressor anguli oris and the depressor labii inferioris is to | which pull the corners of the mouth and the lower lip downward |
| Risorius and two zygomatic muscles do what actions | pull the corners of the mouth laterally, and laterally and upward. |
| Levator labii superioris and levator anguli oris do what actions | elevate the upper lip and corner of the mouth |
| to pucker lips you use what muscle | Orbicularis oris |
| Buccinator muscle forms the muscular part of the face | cheek |
| By its contraction this muscle prevents food from collecting in the space between the cheeks and the teeth and is used in such actions as swallowing and blowing wind instruments | buccinator |
| Muscles connected with the nose are primarily compressors, depressors or | dilators |
| a broad muscle that surrounds the orbit and extends into both upper and lower lids is responsible for closing the lids. | Orbicularis oculi |
| The upper lid is raised by a muscle within the | orbit levator palpebrae superioris |
| what muscle is responsible for wrinkling the forehead | frontalis of the occipitofrontalis |
| that muscle produces small vertical folds between the eyebrows that are associated with a “worried look” | Corrugator supercilii |
| These muscles are rudimentary in humans and are not typically subject to voluntary control in most individuals | muscles connected with the ears |
| the actions of the platysma muscle | draws the corners of the mouth and lower lip downward and laterally, as in an expression of horror |
| The entire group of facial muscles, including the platysma, receives innervation from what nerve | Cranial nerve 7 |
| after CN 7 round the posterior aspect of the ramus of the mandible it passes through this structure | the parotid gland |
| what are the divisons of muscles that are responsible for movements of the eyeball | rectus and oblique muscles |
| what muscle directs the pupil downward and laterally, | superior oblique |
| what is the action of the inferior oblique muscle | directs pupil upward and laterally |
| All of these muscles, with the exception one arise from or close to a tendinous ring placed as the apex (posterior end) of the orbit. what is that muscle | inferior oblique |
| what muscles work in conjunction to turn pupil upward and raise eyelid further | superior oblique and levator plapebrae |
| voluntary lateral movement of the eyeball is innervated by what cranial nerve | CN 6 |
| voluntary superior rotation of the eyeball is innervated by wht cranial nerve | CN 4 |
| masseter, temporalis, lateral pterygoid and the medial pterygoid muscles are all responsible for what action | mastication |
| This muscle of the TMJ Elevates and protrudes mandible, thus closing jaws; deep fibers retrude it | Massester |
| This mussle of the TMJ Elevates mandible closing jaws; its posterior fibers retrude mandible after protrusion | Temporalis |
| acting alternately which muscles they produce a grinding motion of the jaw | Lateral and medial pterygoid muscles |
| the V3 branch of cranial nerve 5 innervates what musscles | musscles of mastication |
| the temperomandibular joint is what kind of joint | synovial |
| This ligament prevents the mandible from moving posteriorly and inferiorly | temperomandibular ligament. |
| These are four pairs of extrinsic muscles hyoglossus, styloglossus, genioglossus, and palatoglossus to what structure | the tongue |
| this muscle Originates from body and greater horn of hyoid bone and inserts into the side and inferior aspect of the tongue. Its action is to depress and retract the tongue. | Hyoglossus |
| this muscle Originates from the styloid process and inserts into the side and inferior aspect of the tongue. Its action is to retract the tongue and draw it up to create a trough for swallowing | Styloglossus |
| this musscle Originates from the superior part of mental spine of the mandible and inserts into the dorsum of tongue and body of hyoid bone. Its action is to depress the tongue; its posterior part pulls tongue anteriorly for protrusion | Genioglossus |
| Originates from the palatine aponeurosis of soft palate and inserts into the side of the tongue. Its action is to elevate the posterior part of the tongue. | Palatoglossus |
| all the muscles of the tongue are innervated by cranial nerve 12 except for the Palatoglossus. it is innervated by what cranial nerve | CN 10 |
| Both extrinsic and intrinsic muscles are utilized in speaking, mastication and swallowing yet which group is responsible for changing the shape of the tongue | intrinsic |
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