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Infect. Control-Ch 4
Study of Viruses & Diseases
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Viruses | A mircoscopic organism,capable of infesting almost all plants & animals,incl. bacteria.In humans, viruses cause:the cold,flu,herpes,measles,chicken pox,hepatitis,polio & AIDS.They live only by penetrating cells,while bacteria can live on their own |
Hepatitis | A blood borne pathogen that causes a disease marked by inflammation of the liver,It can live on a surface outside the body for long periods of time,There's hepatitis:A,B&C,Hepatitis B is the most difficult to kill on the surface |
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) | The virus that causes AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome).HIV is passed from person to person through blood & other bodily secretions.HIV is transmitted through unprotected sex,sharing needles,drug users & accidents w/ needles in medical settings. |
Sterilization | The highest level of decontamination.The 3rd level |
Disinfections | The process of killing most microorganisms on hard,non-pourous surfaces.The 2nd level to sterilization |
Sanitation | The lowest level of decontamination & infection control,The 1st level |
Antiseptics | Can kill,retard or prevent the growth of bacteria, but isn't classified as disinfectants.Antiseptics are weaker than disinfectants |
MSDS | Material Safety Data Sheet |
EPA ( Environmental Protection Agency) | Registers our disinfectant "QUATS" for efficacy (effectiveness) |
Cocci | Round shaped bacteria that appear either singly(alone) or in the following groups |
Staphylococci | Pus forming bacteria that grow in clusters like a bunch of grapes.They cause:abscess,pustules & boils |
Diplococci | Spherical bacteria that grown in pairs & cause diseases such as pneuomonia |
Streptococci | Pus forming bacteria arranged in curves lines resembling a string of beads.They cause infections like:strep throat & blood poisioning |
Non-Pathogenic Bacteria | Good bacteria that the body needs like probiotics that you can take in pill form or eat in yogurt.It helps your immunity & to digest food |
Methicillin-Resistant-Staphylococcus-Aureus | Aka MERSA.Occurs mostly with weaken immune systems or in people who have undergone medical procedures |
HIPPA | "Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act".Protects patients with regard to obtaining info. on their health in a medical setting.The info must be kept confidential |
Universal Precautions | Set of guidelines published by OSHA, that require the employer & employee to assume that ALL human blood & bodily fluids are infectious for bloodborne pathogens` |
If a cut occurs during a service.What do you do? | Stop the procedure, then put on gloves |
Pathogenic Bacteria | Are considered to be harmful bacteria because they can cause disease or infection when they invade the body |
Asymptomatic | Means that a person may not be showing any symptoms but could have the disease |
Spirilla | Spiral or corkscrew shaped bacteria.They are subdivided into subgroups such as:Treponema Padilla,which causes syphilis, an STD or Borella burgdorferi,which causes lyme disease |
B.F.V. | Bacteriacidal.Fungicidal & Viruscidal.Our disinfectant must be ALL of these.QUATS is in all of these |
General Infection | Results when the bloodstream carries the bacteria or virus & their toxins(poisons)to all parts of the body.AIDS is an example |
Local Infection | Such as a comedone or abcess is one that is confined to a particular part of the body & is indicated by a lesion containing pus |
Occupational Safety Health Act of 1970 | Regulates the employees exposure to toxic substances.Informs employees of an toxic substances in the workplace by using an MSDS |
OSHA | "Occupational Safety & Health Administration" helps to enforce safety & health standards for employees in the workforce |
Bacilli (singular:Bacillus) | Short rod shaped bacteria.They are the most common bacteria & produce diseases like: Tetanus(lockjaw),Typhoid fever,Tuberculosis & Diptheria |