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MCAT Bio
Ch. 10 Immune System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| organs of the immune system | lymph nodes, bone marrow, thymus, spleen |
| nonspecific immunity | innate immunity, the responses cells carry out without learning |
| specific immunity | adaptive immunity is developed as immune cells learn to recognize and respond to particular antigens. divided into humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity |
| humoral immunity | mediated by B-cells. B-cells proliferate to make plasma cells and memory cells. antibodies are made my plasma cells. effective against bacterial infections |
| Cell-mediated immunity | involves T-lymphocytes. three major classes are helper T-cells, suppressor T-cells, and killer (cytotoxic) T-cells. fights viral and fungal infection |
| antibodies | fight infection by binding to foreign antigens, thereby allowing other immune cells (eg macrophages) to phagocytize them |
| Types of immunizations | active immunization results in a sustained immune response mediated by B-cells. Passive immunization effects are short lived |
| natural immunization | natural immunization is the result of exposure to the antigen in nature or transfer of antibodies from mother to fetus. |
| artificial immunization | artificial active immunization uses weakened to dead forms of microbes to generate an immune response without causing active infection |
| lymphatic system | secondary circulatory system that removes excess fluid from the interstitial space. also transports fat molecules from the intestinal epithelial cells to bloodstream and serves as a conduit for the movement of immune cells |
Created by:
adam87
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