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Exposure.20
Film Processing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| activator | a chemical used in film developing in the fixer solution to maintain an acidic pH to enhance the funtioning of the clearing agent |
| agitatiot | stirring up of the processing solutions |
| chemical fog | the effect on a film when unexposed silver halides are reduced |
| chemical precipitation | a type of silver recovery system that uses chemicals to break down in the fixer adn release electrons; the silver is heavy and falls to the bottom of the tank |
| circulation system | a part of the automatic processing system designed to stabilize temperatures, agitate solutions, mix the chemistry, and filter the solutions |
| clearing agent | the primary agent of the fixer |
| crossover network | part of the automoatic processing transport system designed to bend the transport rack and must be directed down to the next tank or section |
| developing | the step in film processing; silver is deposited at the latent image sites and an image becomes visible |
| drive system | part of the automatic processing transport system designed as a series of mechanical devices to turn the numerous rollers in the processor from power supplied by a single motor |
| dryer system | the final stage of film processing that removes the excess water, cools and dries the film, and seals the film for viewing and storage |
| drying | the process of film developing in which hot air is forced over both sides of the film as it exits the processor |
| dwell time | the time allotted for the fixer in a silver revcovery unit to sit to permit chemical reactions to occur |
| electrolytic | a type of silver recovery system that passes a current from a cathode to an anode through the fixer; the ionized silver is attracted to the negatively charged cathode |
| entrance rollers | specially designed crossover network to begin the film traveling form the feed tray down into the developer section |
| fixing | the process of removing undeveloped silver halides to make the image premanent for viewing |
| flood replenishment | a type of replenishing system used for low-volume systems; controlled by a timer that floods the developer and fixer tanks with replenisher at regular intervals |
| hardener | a chemical used in film processing that controls the swelling of the gelatin to prevent scratches adn abrasions to the emulsion during processing; in a fixer solution must function in an acidic environment |
| heat exchanger | the part of the automative processing system in which a thermostat is used to heat the developer which is then routed to a circulation coil to heat the fixer by conduction |
| hydroquinone | a developing agent that slowly reduces silver and produces heavy density |
| metallic replacement | a fixer recovery unit in which the fixer acid breaks down the iron in a steel screen or in steel wool and displaces it with silver |
| pass box | a lightproof container set in the wall of the darkroom used to pass film through for processing |
| phenidone | a chemical that quickly reduces silver, enhancing fine detail adn subtle shades of gray, and works only in areas of light exposure |
| preservative | a chemical used in film processing to help descrease the oxidation of the reducing agents when they are combined with air; also used in fixer solution to aid removal of silver from the emulsion |
| reducing agent | a chemical used in film developing that provides electrons to the silver ions attached to the sensitivity specks of the silver halide crystals |
| replenishment system | replaces chemicals that are depleted through the chemical reactions of processing, oxidation, and evaporation |
| resin | a type of silver recovery system that uses acid to form resin ions; the silver is attracted to the resin; the resin is processed to remove the silver |
| solvent | chemicals used in developing film suspended in water |
| standby replenishment | a type of flood replenishing system used for low-volume systems; controlled by a timer that floods the developer and fixer tanks with replenisher at regular intervals |
| starter solution | a solution of acetic acid and potassium bromide that is added to the replenisher solution when starting a fresh tank of developer |
| superadditivity | when two reducing agents are combined, forming a PQ developer, their reducing ability is the sum of their independent abilities |
| tailing | if the silver recovery is not sufficient, a second process is undergone to process the solution after it has gone through the first unit |
| temperature control system | the part of the automatic processing unit that maintains all theww solutions at compatible temperatures |
| timed replenishment | a type of flood replenishing system used for low-volume sytems; controlled by a timer that floods the developer and fixer tanks with replenisher at regular intervals |
| transport racks | part of the automatic processing transport system consisting of three rollers designed to move film through a processing tank |
| transport system | paart of the automativ processing system designed to move a film through developer, fixer, wash, and dryer sections of the processor |
| volume replenishment | type of replenishment system used for high-volume systems; activates when films enter the processor |
| washing | the process of using water to remove as much of the fixer and developer solutions as possible |
Created by:
smweckler
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