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ISTQB CTFL2018 v.3.1

ISTQB CTFL 2018 v.3.1 Syllabus terms by Glossary v. 4.2.1

TermDefinition
coverage The degree to which specified coverage items have been determined or have been exercised by a test suite expressed as a percentage.
debugging The process of finding, analyzing and removing the causes of failures in a component or system.
defect An imperfection or deficiency in a work product where it does not meet its requirements or specifications.
error A human action that produces an incorrect result.
failure An event in which a component or system does not perform a required function within specified limits.
quality The degree to which a component or system satisfies the stated and implied needs of its various stakeholders.
quality assurance Activities focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled.Abbreviation: QA
root cause A source of a defect such that if it is removed, the occurrence of the defect type is decreased or removed.
test analysis The activity that identifies test conditions by analyzing the test basis.
test basis The body of knowledge used as the basis for test analysis and design.
test case A set of preconditions, inputs, actions (where applicable), expected results and postconditions, developed based on test conditions.
test completion The activity that makes testware available for later use, leaves test environments in a satisfactory condition and communicates the results of testing to relevant stakeholders.
test condition A testable aspect of a component or system identified as a basis for testing.
test control The activity that develops and applies corrective actions to get a test project on track when it deviates from what was planned.
test data Data needed for test execution.
test design The activity that derives and specifies test cases from test conditions.
test execution The activity that runs a test on a component or system producing actual results.
test implementation The activity that prepares the testware needed for test execution based on test analysis and design.
test monitoring The activity that checks the status of testing activities, identifies any variances from planned or expected, and reports status to stakeholders.
test object The work product to be tested.
test objective The reason or purpose of testing.
test oracle A source to determine an expected result to compare with the actual result of the system under test.
test planning The activity of establishing or updating a test plan.
test procedure A sequence of test cases in execution order, and any associated actions that may be required to set up the initial preconditions and any wrap up activities post execution.
test process The set of interrelated activities comprising of test planning, test monitoring and control, test analysis, test design, test implementation, test execution, and test completion.
test suite A set of test scripts or test procedures to be executed in a specific test run.
testing The process consisting of all lifecycle activities, both static and dynamic, concerned with planning, preparation and evaluation of a component or system and related work products to determine that they satisfy specified requirements, to demonstrate that
testware Work products produced during the test process for use in planning, designing, executing, evaluating and reporting on testing.
traceability The degree to which a relationship can be established between two or more work products.
validation Confirmation by examination and through provision of objective evidence that the requirements for a specific intended use or application have been fulfilled.
verification Confirmation by examination and through provision of objective evidence that specified requirements have been fulfilled.
acceptance testing A test level that focuses on determining whether to accept the system.
alpha testing A type of acceptance testing performed in the developer's test environment by roles outside the development organization.
beta testing A type of acceptance testing performed at an external site to the developer's test environment by roles outside the development organization.
change-related testing A type of testing initiated by modification to a component or system.
commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) A type of product developed in an identical format for a large number of customers in the general market.Abbreviation: COTS
component integration testing Testing in which the test items are interfaces and interactions between integrated components.
component testing A test level that focuses on individual hardware or software components.
confirmation testing A type of change-related testing performed after fixing a defect to confirm that a failure caused by that defect does not reoccur.
contractual acceptance testing A type of acceptance testing performed to verify whether a system satisfies its contractual requirements.
functional testing Testing performed to evaluate if a component or system satisfies functional requirements.
impact analysis The identification of all work products affected by a change, including an estimate of the resources needed to accomplish the change.
integration testing A test level that focuses on interactions between components or systems.
maintenance testing Testing the changes to an operational system or the impact of a changed environment to an operational system.
non-functional testing Testing performed to evaluate that a component or system complies with non-functional requirements.
operational acceptance testing A type of acceptance testing performed to determine if operations and/or systems administration staff can accept a system.
regression testing A type of change-related testing to detect whether defects have been introduced or uncovered in unchanged areas of the software.
regulatory acceptance testing A type of acceptance testing performed to verify whether a system conforms to relevant laws, policies and regulations.
sequential development model A type of software development lifecycle model in which a complete system is developed in a linear way of several discrete and successive phases with no overlap between them.
system integration testing A test level that focuses on interactions between systems.
system testing A test level that focuses on verifying that a system as a whole meets specified requirements.
test basis The body of knowledge used as the basis for test analysis and design.
test case A set of preconditions, inputs, actions (where applicable), expected results and postconditions, developed based on test conditions.
test environment An environment containing hardware, instrumentation, simulators, software tools, and other support elements needed to conduct a test.
test level A specific instantiation of a test process.
test object The work product to be tested.
test objective The reason or purpose of testing.
test type A group of test activities based on specific test objectives aimed at specific characteristics of a component or system.
user acceptance testing A type of acceptance testing performed to determine if intended users accept the system.Abbreviation: UAT
white-box testing Testing based on an analysis of the internal structure of the component or system.
ad hoc review A review technique performed informally without a structured process.
checklist-based review A review technique guided by a list of questions or required attributes.
dynamic testing Testing that involves the execution of the test item.
formal review A type of review that follows a defined process with a formally documented output.
informal review A type of review that does not follow a defined process and has no formally documented output.
inspection A type of formal review to identify issues in a work product, which provides measurement to improve the review process and the software development process.
perspective-based reading A review technique in which a work product is evaluated from the perspective of different stakeholders with the purpose to derive other work products.
review A type of static testing in which a work product or process is evaluated by one or more individuals to detect defects or to provide improvements.
role-based review A review technique in which a work product is evaluated from the perspective of different stakeholders.
scenario-based review A review technique in which a work product is evaluated to determine its ability to address specific scenarios.
static analysis The process of evaluating a component or system without executing it, based on its form, structure, content, or documentation.
static testing Testing a work product without the work product code being executed.
technical review A formal review by technical experts that examine the quality of a work product and identify discrepancies from specifications and standards.
walkthrough A type of review in which an author leads members of the review through a work product and the members ask questions and make comments about possible issues.
black-box test technique A test technique based on an analysis of the specification of a component or system.
boundary value analysis A black-box test technique in which test cases are designed based on boundary values.
checklist-based testing An experience-based test technique whereby the experienced tester uses a high-level list of items to be noted, checked, or remembered, or a set of rules or criteria against which a product has to be verified.
coverage The degree to which specified coverage items have been determined or have been exercised by a test suite expressed as a percentage.
decision coverage The coverage of decision outcomes.
decision table testing A black-box test technique in which test cases are designed to exercise the combinations of conditions and the resulting actions shown in a decision table.
error guessing A test technique in which tests are derived on the basis of the tester's knowledge of past failures, or general knowledge of failure modes.
equivalence partitioning A black-box test technique in which test cases are designed to exercise equivalence partitions by using one representative member of each partition.
experience-based test technique A test technique based on the tester's experience, knowledge and intuition.
exploratory testing An approach to testing in which the testers dynamically design and execute tests based on their knowledge, exploration of the test item and the results of previous tests.
state transition testing A black-box test technique in which test cases are designed to exercise elements of a state transition model.
statement coverage The coverage of executable statements.
test technique A procedure used to define test conditions, design test cases, and specify test data.
use case testing A black-box test technique in which test cases are designed to exercise use case behaviors.
white-box test technique A test technique only based on the internal structure of a component or system.
configuration management A discipline applying technical and administrative direction and surveillance to identify and document the functional and physical characteristics of a configuration item, control changes to those characteristics, record and report change processing and i
defect management The process of recognizing, recording, classifying, investigating, resolving and disposing of defects.
defect report Documentation of the occurrence, nature, and status of a defect.
entry criteria The set of conditions for officially starting a defined task.
exit criteria The set of conditions for officially completing a defined task.
product risk A risk that impacts the quality of a product.
project risk A risk that impacts project success.
risk A factor that could result in future negative consequences.
risk level The measure of a risk defined by risk impact and risk likelihood.
risk-based testing Testing in which the management, selection, prioritization, and use of testing activities and resources are based on corresponding risk types and risk levels.
test approach The implementation of the test strategy for a specific project.
test control The activity that develops and applies corrective actions to get a test project on track when it deviates from what was planned.
test estimation An approximation related to various aspects of testing.
test manager The person responsible for project management of testing activities, resources, and evaluation of a test object.
test monitoring The activity that checks the status of testing activities, identifies any variances from planned or expected, and reports status to stakeholders.
test plan Documentation describing the test objectives to be achieved and the means and the schedule for achieving them, organized to coordinate testing activities.
test planning The activity of establishing or updating a test plan.
test progress report A type of test report produced at regular intervals about the progress of test activities against a baseline, risks, and alternatives requiring a decision.
test strategy Documentation aligned with the test policy that describes the generic requirements for testing and details how to perform testing within an organization.
test summary report / test completion report A type of test report produced at completion milestones that provides an evaluation of the corresponding test items against exit criteria.
tester A person who performs testing.
data-driven testing A scripting technique that uses data files to contain the test data and expected results needed to execute the test scripts.
keyword-driven testing A scripting technique in which test scripts contain high-level keywords and supporting files that contain low-level scripts that implement those keywords.
test automation The use of software to perform or support test activities.
test execution tool A test tool that executes tests against a designated test item and evaluates the outcomes against expected results and postconditions.
test management tool A tool that supports test management.
Created by: user-1781778
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