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Middle Ages Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Crusades | A long series of wars between Christians and Muslims who fought for the Holy Land in Israel |
Medieval | Referring to the Middle Ages c.950-1300 A.D |
Chivalry | The code of honorable behavior for Medieval Knights |
Parliamnent | The lawmaking body that governed Europe |
Excommunicate | To cast out from the church |
Saladin | Muslim General, he led the Muslim forces during the 3rd Crusade |
Pope | The head of the Catholic church |
Manor | A large country house with land |
Charlemagne | King of the Franks, he was a brilliant warrior and strong leader |
Knight | A person who served his lord as a mounted and heavily armed soldier |
Steed | A horse used for riding |
St. Thomas Aquinas | Dominican philosopher, he argued rational thought could be used to support Christian belief |
St. Benedict | Italian saint and monk, he created a set of rules for monks to follow |
King Richard l | King of England, he led Christian soldiers in the 3rd Crusade. Became known as King Richard the Lionheart |
William the Conqueror | Powerful French noble who conquered England, he brought feudalism to England |
Magna Carta | A document signed in 1215 A.D. by King John that required the king to honor certain rights. |
King John | Signed the Magna Carta on June 15, 1215 A.D. guaranteed that the king would respect feudal rights |
Hundred Years War | A long conflict between England and France that lasted from 1337 to 1453 A.D |
Black Death | Also known as the Bubonic plague, a deadly disease that swept through Europe between 1347-1351 A.D. |
Protestant | A member or follower of any of the Western Christian Churches that are separate from the Roman Catholic Church |
Dark Ages | Is a historical period of time traditionally referring to the Middle Ages marked by a decline in literature |
Serf | A tenant farmer was bound to a hereditary plot of land and to the will of his landlord |
The Great Schism | 1054 A.D. was the breakup of the Christian Church into two sections the Western Roman Catholic and the Eastern sections Greek orthodox |
Renaissance | A time period after the Dark Ages where classical learning was revived |
Reformation | A term covering a number of changes in Western Christianity Europe between the 14th and 17th centuries |
Jousting | A medieval sports contest in which two opponents on horseback, typically knights, fight with lances |
Lance | A medieval pole weapon or spear specially made to be used by mounted combatant. The medieval lance was 9 to 14 feet long. |
Court Jester | "Fool", was historically an entertainer during the medieval era who was a member of the household of a nobleman employed to entertain guests |
Vassal | A person under the protection of a feudal lord to whom he has vowed homage |
Homage | Special honor or respect shown publicly especially for feudal allegiance |
Fief | An estate of land, especially one held on condition of feudal service |
Lord | Those who leased land or other property and ran the estate |
Feudalism | System in which people were given land and protection by people of higher rank, and worked and fought for them in return |
Bailiff | The senior person living on the manor if the lord was absent, also acted as chief law officer on the manor, and collected rent |
Reeve | A senior official with local responsibilities under the Crown, such as the chief magistrate of a town or district |