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RAD271-Patient Care
Physical Assistance/Monitoring
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe AMBULATORY | able to walk, not confined to bed |
| Describe good body mechanics | 1. hold heavy objects close 2. Back straight 3. lifting - bend at knees to utilize knee and abdominal muscles 4. Push or roll heavy objects (no lifting/pulling) |
| Describe steps for patient transfer. | 1. verify patient 2. explain procedure (gains cooperation and alleviates fear) 3. Use proper body mechanics 1. knees slightly bent 2. back straight 3. use legs to lift |
| Describe steps for transfer from wheelchair to x-ray table. | 1. wheelchair parallel to table 2. apply brakes 3. use face-to-face method to assist to stand 4. pivot into back facing table, then sitting 5. One arm under shoulders, the other under knees to assist to supine position |
| Describe steps for transfer from table to wheelchair. AMBULATORY | 1. wheelchair parallel to table 2. ensure brakes applied 3. Pt sits up ( reduces orthostatic hypotension) 4. Assist w/standing, pivoting. 5. Assist pt to reach behind and grasp arm rails, slowly lower to chair. |
| Describe steps for transfer from table to wheelchair. NONAMBULATORY | 1. wheelchair 45' to table 2. brakes applied 3. Pt sits up ( reduces orthostatic hypotension) 4, Tech stands facing patient 5. reach behind, grasp scapulas, lift (knees bent) 6. Pivot w/pt-rear leg touches wheelchair seat 7. Ease pt to sitting |
| Describe steps for CART transfer. | 1. Cart parallel to table 2. Wheels LOCKED 3. One person at head/shoulders One person lifts pelvis/knees Others support patient on sides 4. Use transfer or draw sheet, slide board 5. One fluid motion to transfer |
| Describe Patient Comfort and radiographer responsibility. | 1. use pillows/sponges to support patient w/o interfering w/exam 2. Evaluate patient condition - ability to breathe, nausea 3. keep upright when possible 4. Special care with older (decubitus ulcers/sensitive skin |
| Guidelines for safety/comfort of patient during exam | 1. secure belongings 2. remove hazards (avoid painful/unnecessary movement) 3. Proper use of equipment 4. Remove clothing first from uninjured side 5. Place clothing first on injured side |
| Describe radiographer responsibility regarding IVs. | 1. keep tubing free and prevent kinking during transfer/exam 2. Keep IV 18-24" above level of vein |
| Describe modes of patient transportation. | 1. ambulation 2. wheelchair 3. Stretcher |
| Discuss ramifications of leaving patient unattended in exam room. | BEST PRACTICE - do not leave alone; patient may be sedated, senile, in shock, under the influence, cognitively impaired and do something that results in injury |
| Describe patient support equipment found in x-ray room | 1. Oxygen 2. Suction 3. Tubes (chest tubes, GI tubes, PICC and CVC) |
| Describe the different equipment used with oxygen and how to ID low oxygen. | wall outlet; NO SMOKING classified LOW or HIGH flow; nasal cannula (low); Masks - Venturi (high), simple (low), rebreather (low), mechanical ventilators (high) |
| Describe suction in x-ray room. | occasionally required to maintain patient airway by aspirating secretions, blood, other fluids |
| Describe Tubing | Chest tube - drainage GI tubes - NG nasogastric, NI nasointestinal, or NE nasoenteric - cDO NOT DISTURB Circulatory sys-CVP, CVC, PICC - have Urinary catheters - ALWAYS keep BELOW bladder |
| Describe Chest Tubes. | Chest tube - treating PTX/HTX w/drainage system. Keep drainage system below patient's chest. |
| Describe GI tubes | GI tubes - NG nasogastric, NI nasointestinal, or NE nasoenteric - can be used to feed patient or remove secretions or to admin contrast Never clamp double lumen tubes! DO NOT DISTURB!!!! |
| Describe circulatory system lines. | CVC - central venous catheters used to monitor central venous pressure, dialysis, blood transfusion, admin drugs/parenteral nutrition PICC - peripherally inserted central catheter Radio-opaque distal tip to assist w/assessing placement in x-ray |
| Describe urinary catheters. | ALWAYS KEEP BELOW BLADDER sterile catheterization procedure most common nosocomial infection - UTI |
| Describe the two types of physical signs in patient care. | 1. Objective - patient appearance and condition (measurable) vital signs, patient motor control 2. Subjective - signs perceived by patient - how feel, level of pain |
| Describe vital signs | 1. body temperature 2. pulse rate 3. respiratory rate 4. arterial blood pressure |
| What is standard body temperature? | Adult oral - 98.6 rectal - 99.1-99.6 Axiallary - 97.6-98.1 Infants/children (4yo) rectal - 97.9-100.4 5+ 97.8-98.6 |
| Five most common pulse points | Radial - wrist (base thumb) Carotid - neck, just lateral to midline Temporal - front of upper ear Femoral - inguinal (groin) Popliteal - posterior knee |
| Describe normal resting pulse rates | men 68-75 women 72-80 children 70-100 infants 100-160 |
| Describe DYSPNEA | difficulty breathing |
| List terms to describe respiration. |
Created by:
Larobbins
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