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AP Euro History Ch19
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 2. the Bastille | A royal armory filled with arms anf ammunition, state prison |
| 3. July 4,1776 | the second continental congress approved a declaration of independence written by Thomas Jefferson |
| 4. natural rights | freedom of religion, speech, press, petition, and assembly, as well as the right to bear arms, protection against unresonable searches and arrests, trial by jury, due process of law, and protection of property rights |
| 5. Yorktown | In 1781, the British government decided to call it quits |
| 6. the constitution of 1789 | new congress proposed twelve amendments |
| 7. Bill of Rights | the first ten amendments of the constitutions |
| 8. the maargquis de Lafayette | returned to France with ideas of individual liberties and notions of republicanism and popular sovereignty |
| 9. the first and second estates | The clergy and nobility |
| 10. the taille | Frances chief tax |
| 11. Third estate | the commoners of society |
| 12. the bourgeoisie | middle class of the third estate, merchants, industrialists, and bankers who controlled the resources of trade |
| 13. French Parlements | frustrated efforts at reform |
| 14. vote by order or by head | Since it had doubled representation, with the assistance of liberal nobiles and clerics, it could turn the three estates into a single-chamber legislature that would reformFrance in its own way |
| 15. Abbe Sieyes | Piblished a pamphlet in which he asked, "What is the third Estate? Everything. What has it been thus farin the political order? Nothing. What does it demand? To become something." |
| 16. the National Assembly | the deputies of the third estate arrived at their meeting place only to find the doors locked< they moved to the royal tennis courts and took the tennis court oath |
| 17. the Tennis Court Oath | they would continue to meet until they produced a french constitution |
| 1. July 14, 1789 | A Parisian mob of eight thousand people in search of weapons streamed toward the Bastille |
| 18. The Declaration of the rights of man and citizens | reflected the major idead of the philosephes during the French enlightenment (much like the declaration of independence. |
| 19. Olympe de Gouges | a playwrite and pamphleteer wrote the Declaration of the rights of women and female citizzens |
| 20. "WE are bringing back the baker..." | Women's march to versailles, brought back wagonloads of flour from the palace's stores |
| 21. Civil constitution of the clergy | bishops and priests were elected by the people and paid by the state, had to sware alligiance. |
| 22. the jacobins | radical political group |
| 23. escapse to varennes | the king almost escaped but was captured and brought back to France |
| 24. DDeclaration of Pillnitz | Austria and Prussia invited other monarchs to France to strength the king |
| 25. Paris commune | before the national assembly, it dominated the political scene, lead by George Danton |
| 26. Sans-cullotes | ordinary patriot without fine clothes |
| 27. George Danton | Paris commune's minister of justice |
| 28. National Convention | wanted to draft a new constitution, abolish the monarchy and establish a republic |
| 29. Girondins and the mountains | middle class citizens that wanted the death of Louis XVI |
| 30. the vendee | the authority of the convention was repudiated in western france by peasants who revolted against the military draft |
| 31. Committee of ppublic safety | after the national convention, the government that established the reign of terror |
| 32. Maximilien Robespierre | the leader (dictator) of the committe of public safety and creator of the reign of terrror |
| 33. Reign of Terror | Revolutionary courts were organized to protecty the republic from its internal enimies |
| 34. the guillotine | a revolutionary device for the quick and efficient separation of heads from bodies |
| 35. Law of general maximum | established price control on goods declared of first necessity |
| 36. Temple of reason | In Paris, the cathedral of Notre-Dame |
| 37. Toussaint L'Ouverture | Leader of a peasant revolt |
| 38. Thermidorean Reaction | after the exicution of robspierre, revolutionary fervor began to give way |
| 39. Directory | an era of stagnation, corruption, and graft, a materialistic reaction to the suffering and sacrifices that had been demanded in the reign of terror and the republic of virtue |
| 40. Gracchus Babeuf | a radical who wanted to abolish private property and eliminate private enterprise |
| 41. Napoleon Bonaparte | became a commander, then general, and saved the national convention, then became a dictator |
| 42. Italian and Egyptian campaign | lied about his defeat in Egypt and became a hero |
| 43. First consule and emperor | was voted for first consule then crowned emperor in 1804 |
| 44. the concordat | Napleon signed it so the pope would acknowledge the accomplishments of the revolution |
| 45. the Civil Code | New laws that everyone in Napoleons empire had to follow |
| 46. Germaine de Stael | A prominant writer that refused to accept Napoleons growing desposiion |
| 47. Austerlitz and trafalgar | where Napoleon attacked the austrian and russian forces |
| 48. fraternitie | brotherhood and solidarity against other peoples |
| 49. the Grand army | defeated the continental members of the coalition, giving him the opportunity to create a new Europran order |
| 50. Elba and saint Helena | the places napoleon went to get away from being captured |
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ambrecooper
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