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P. Femur and Pelvis
Proximal Femur and Pelvic Girdle
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The pelvic girdle consists of | 2 hip bones |
| The Pelvis consists of | both hip bones, sacrum, coccyx |
| The hip is made up of the | ilium, ischium, and pubic bone |
| What is the area between the greater and lesser trochanter called on the ANTERIOR aspect of the proximal femur | intertrochanteric LINE |
| What is the area between the greater and lesser trochanter called on the POSTERIOR aspect of the proximal femur | intertrochanteric CREST |
| A true AP of the hip require how much rotation? | 15-20 degree internal rotation |
| kV for the AP Pelvis, AP Hip, and Lateral Hip is | 75-85kV |
| Center for the AP Pelvis is | centered 2" inferior to level of ASIS (crest 1.5" below top of IR) |
| How are you doing? | EXCELLENT! |
| What size IR for a AP Pelvis? | 14x17 CW |
| T/F Lesser trochanters of the femur is included in the AP Pelvis | True |
| The superior ramus is part of the | pubis |
| The inferior ramus is part of the | Ischium |
| The Judet method demonstrates | the Acetabulum |
| Center for AP hip (with hardware) | 1-2" distal to neck or femur (all of hardware must be demonstrated) |
| Lateral of the hip is also called | Frog or Modified Cleaves or Lauenstein method |
| Trauma Hip most often used is called | Danelius-Miller or Cross-table lateral or Axiolateral (inferiorsuperior) |
| The modified axiolateral trauma hip when both hips can't be moved.is called | Clements-Nakayama method |
| How much should the femur be abducted for the Cleaves method for the hip? | 40-45degrees |
| How much should the femur be abducted for the Lauenstein method for the hip? | 90degrees |
| The AP axial outlet projection for the pelvis requires the CR to be ______for females and _______ for males | 20-35 and males 30-45degrees |
| The AP inlet projection for the pelvic ring requires the CR angle to be | 40deg caudad |
| A male pelvis has an ______ angle while a female pelvis has a ________ | less than 90 degrees acute, female greater than 90 degrees obtuse |
| Three differences in a female and male pelvis are | males have narrower , deeper and less flared, angle of the pubic arch is less than 90deg, shape of the inlet is more narrower and more oval or heart shape |
| What are some important positioning landmarks for the pelvis | iliac crest, ASIS, greater trochanter, symphysis pubis, ischial Tuberosity |
| The pelvis is separated into ______ superior to the inlet and ________pelvis is a cavity that is surrounded by bony structures that is of great importance during birthing process | greater false pelvis, lesser true pelvis forms birthing canal |
| If the femoral neck is foreshortened and the lesser trochanters are in profile medially on a radiograph what is probable cause for positioning | external rotation of the leg and foot |
| When taking a patient history for a hip x-ray it is important to ask about a prosthesis or any hip surgery for what two reasons | so you can position patient without injuring site, and to make sure you center lower to include all hardware |
| What pathology is best demonstrated with the judet method | acetabular fractures |
| Where is the CR placed for a unilateral frog-leg projection | mid femoral neck |
| The cavity in the hipbone that articulates with the femoral head is called the | acetabulum |
| The hip bone consists of what three parts? | Ischium, Pubic bone, and Ilium |
| The ilium and sacrum articulates at the _________ joint | Iliosacral |
| The junction of what 2 bones forms the obturator foramen of the pelvis? | Ischium and Pubic bone |
| Name the bones that make up the pelvic girdle | Right and Left Hip bones |
| Name the bones that make up the pelvis in an adult | Sacrum, Coccyx, Right and Left Hip |
| The prominent ridge extending between the tochanters at the base of the neck on the posterior surface of the femur is the | intertrochanteric crest |
| Name one or more structures that may be helpful in order to evaluate rotation on an AP pelvis radiograph (not proximal femur) | Symetry of the Obturator formina or Ischial spines, and alignment of the Coccyx and Pubis symphisis. |
| How much do you medially rotate the feet and lower limbs to place the femoral necks parallel with the plane of the IR on an AP projection of the pelvis? | 15-20 degrees |
| What position, projection or method is useful in diagnosing fractures of the acetabulum? | Judet (axiolateral) |
| What is the projection of the Modified Cleaves often called? | Frog leg |
| Do you see the lesser trochanter with the Modified Cleaves method? | Yes |
| What projection/position of the hip best demonstrates the greater trochanter in profile? | AP hip/pelvis |
| The angulation of the tube for the axiolateral projection (Danelius-Miller Method) is angled perpendicular to what structure? (not the film) | Femoral Neck (and IR) |
| Where is the central directed for the unilateral frog-leg? | Femoral Neck |
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