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Muscles of Hand
Flexors/Extensors
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Originate above, or proximal to, the wrist joint and assist in wrist function but primary function is fingers and thumb function | Extrinsic |
| Smaller muscles that originate within the hand (at or distal to the carpal bones). Can be subdivided into the thenar, hypothenar, and deep palm muscles | Intrinsic |
| Numbness, tingling, pain and weakness | Carpal Tunnel Syndrome |
| Outstretched hand/Radial fracture | Colles’ Fracture |
| Fall on the back of the hand fracture | Smith’s Fracture |
| Compression of the median nerve | Carpal Tunnel Syndrome |
| Inflammation of the sheath of the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus | Tenosynovitis |
| True of False? Ulna does not rotate | True |
| True of False? Radius moves around the ulna | True |
| Carrying Angle | The humerus and forearm are not aligned in a perfectly straight line, they actually form a slight lateral angle at the joint |
| Why does the carrying angle perform a slight lateral angle at the joint? | This is because the trochlea is lower than the capitulum at the distal end of the humerus. |
| Three bony landmarks of the Scapula? | 1. Infraglenoid tubercle 2. Supraglenoid tubercle 3. Coracoid process |
| Five bony landmarks of the humerus? | 1. Trochlea (articulates with the ulna) 2. Capitulum (articulates with the radius) 3. Medial and lateral epicondyle 4. Lateral supracondylar ridge 5.Olecranon fossa (posterior – articulates with the ulna) |
| Three bony landmarks of the Radius? | 1. Head 2. Radial tuberosity 3. Styloid process |
| 1. Between radius and ulna 2. Keeps the two bones from separating 3. Provides more surface area for muscles attachment | Interosseous Membrane |
| Brachialis Muscle | O – Distal half of the humerus, anterior surface I – Coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity of the ulna A – Elbow flexion |
| Biceps Brachii | O – 1. Long head – supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula 2. Short head – coracoid process of the scapula I – Radial tuberosity of the radius A - Elbow flexion and forearm supination |
| Brachioradialis Muscle | O– Lateral supracondylar ridge on the humerus I - Styloid process of the radius A- Elbow flexion |
| Triceps Muscles | O – 1. Long head – Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula 2. Lateral head – inferior to greater tubercle on the posterior humerus 3. Medial head – Posterior humerus I – Olecranon process of the ulna A – Elbow extension |
| Pronator Teres | O – Medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulna I – Lateral aspect of the radius A – Pronation of forearm and assists with elbow flexion |
| Pronator Quadratus Muscle | O – Distal one-fourth of ulna I – Distal one-fourth of radius A – Pronation of the forearm |
| Supinator Muscle | O – Lateral epicondyle of humerus and adjacent ulna I – Anterior surface of the proximal radius A – Supination of forearm |
| Lateral epicondylitis/ Tennis Elbow | Affects the common extensor tendon that inserts lateral epicondyle of the humerus |
| Medial epicondylitis/Golfers Elbow | Affects the common flexor tendon that inserts medial epicondyle of the humerus |
| Flexion Muscles? | Biceps Brachii, Brachialis, Brachioradialis |
| Extension Muscles? | Triceps |
| Pronation Muscles? | Pronator Teres and Quadratus |
| Supination Muscles? | Biceps Brachii and Supinator |
| Movement of Wrist? | 1.Wrist flexion 2. Wrist extension 3. Ulnar deviation 4. Radial deviation |
| Anterior Muscles of the forearm | 3 muscles: 1. Flexor carpi radialis 2. Flexor carpi ulnaris 3. Palmaris longus |
| Flexor Carpi Radialis | O: Medial epicondyle of humerus I: 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones A: wrist flexion and radial deviation |
| Palmaris Longus | O: Medial epicondyle of humerus I: Palmar fascia A: Wrist flexion |
| Flexor Carpi Ulnaris | O: Medial epicondyle of humerus I: Pisiform, and base of 5th Metacarpal A: Wrist flexion and ulnar deviation |
| Posterior Muscles of Forearm | 3 muscles: 1. Extensor carpi radialis longus 2. Extensor carpi radialis brevis 3. Extensor carpi ulnaris |
| Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus | O: Supracondylar ridge of humerus I: Base of 2nd metacarpal bone A: Wrist extension and radial deviation |
| Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis | O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus I: Base of 3rd metacarpal A: Wrist extension |
| Extensor Carpi Ulnaris | O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus I: Base of 5th metacarpal A: wrist extension and ulnar deviation |
| CANCEL OUT : FLEXION | FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS |
| CANCEL OUT : EXTENSION | EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS |
| CANCEL OUT : ULNAR DEVIATION | FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS |
| CANCEL OUT : RADIAL DEVIATION | FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS |
Created by:
Genevadarcius
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