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RAD Positioning

Genitourinary System

QuestionAnswer
Optimal kVp for iodinated contrast 80-85
Direction of urine takes after formed in the nephron and passes through the collecting tubules Minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, urethra
Indicates a severe contrast reaction Laryngeal edema, respiratory/cardiac arrest, cyanosis, loss of consciousness, bradycardia, hypotension
Area where the ureters enter the bladder and the urethra exits Trigone
Tech responsibilities prior to contrast injection Obtain complete hx, have Emergency cart readily available, check contrast label 3x, prepare all supplies, explain procedure
A functional study of the bladder and urethra Cystourethrogram
Why is non-ionic contrast preferable to ionic contrast when injected into the bloodstream Non-ionic does not dissociate in solution or increase blood osmolality so it is less likely to cause adverse reactions
What are some congenital conditions of the urinary system Horseshoe kidney, double collecting system, ectopic kidney
How does the kidney lie in the body (rotation) 30 backward rotation
Normal adult BUN range 8-25 mg/100 mL
What is the significance of diabetes in the patients hx prior to contrast injection If pt takes Metformin, lab values must be obtained, prior to injection of the contrast media
Contraindications to Iodinated Contrast media Acute Renal Failure, Previous Significant Reaction, Multiple Myeloma, Pheochromocytoma, Acute Sickle Cell Crisis
Kidney pathology that presents appearing like a bunch of grapes Polycystic kidney disease
Prior to an IVU, what should the technologist do if the patient has a urinary catheter Clamp it
The timing sequence for the IVU begins: At the start of the contrast injection
Clinical indications for an IVU Flank pain, hematuria, calculi, mass, UTI
Common side effects following the injection of contrast Metallic taste in the mouth, warm flushed feeling
Done to enhance filling of the pelvicalyceal sytem in the early stages of an IVU Ureteric Compression
Name for the area along medial border or each kidney that transmits renal arteries, veins, lymph vessels and nerves Hilum
Purpose of the hysterosalpingogram To demonstrate the uterus and patency of the fallopian tubes
Contraindications to the hystero Pregnancy, PID, Active uterine bleeding
First thing tech should do when the patient begins to have a contrast reaction Call for HELP
Best patient position to utilize gravity to help move stones along the urinary tract Prone
Three ureteric points of constriction UPJ, Pelvic Brim, UVJ
Three images taken during a Retrograde pyelogram Scout, Pyelogram, Ureterogram
Term for the outer and portion of the kidney Cortex
30 degree IVU obliques best demonstrate: The upside kidney // to the IR, and the downside ureter
A patient having a moderate contrast reaction may have: Giant hives, possible laryngeal swelling, bronchospasm, tachycardia, bradycardia, angioedema or hypotension
When should the hysterosalpingogram be scheduled Within 10 days of the start of the menstrual cycle
TRUE or FALSE: The Cystogram is an Antegrade Study FALSE
Capacity of the urinary bladder 350-500mL
Abnormal, downward displacement of the kidney is termed Nephroptosis
An obstructed ureter will cause the distention of the kidney termed Hydronephrosis
TRUE or FALSE: The kidneys remove nitrogenous waste and regulate water levels in the body TRUE
The outer capsule of the uterus that is lined with peritoneum Serosa
IVU Routine 1 min nephrogram, 5 min, 10 -15 min KUB, 20 min OBL's, Pre-void, Post-Void
Degree of obliquity on cysto obliques 45-60
Positioning for a cysto bladder 2"superior to the symphysis pubis, directed 10-15 degrees caudad
Positioning difference between male and female for VCUG Female-AP, Male 30 degree RPO
Positioning for Nephrogram CR half way between xiphoid and IC
Placement of paddles for ureteric compression Over the pelvic brim, medial to the ASIS's
Normal Creatinine Range Creatine 0.6-1.5 mg/dL
Term for the inner portion of the kidney Medulla
Can an IVU and BE be performed on the same day? YES
Created by: EHodgis
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