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Image Production

Equipment Operation & Quality Control and Image Acquisition & Evaluation

QuestionAnswer
What are some examples of digital imaging? CT, MRI, CR Lange Q&A; pg 259
What is the function of the slit camera ? Measures focal-spot size and Measures spatial resolution Lange Q&A; pg 262
What are the characteristics of X-ray photon? Fluorescent effects on certain phosphors and physiological effect on living tissue Lange Q&A; pg 265
What formula is used to calculate the new mAs when the SID changes? density maintenance formula Lange Q&A; pg 320
What are the four types of grids? stationary, moving, parallel and focused Lange Q&A; pg 329
The best way to minimize involuntary motion is through utilizing the (shortest/longest) exposure time. shortest Lange Q&A; pg 309
An increase in OID will (increase or decrease) magnification. Increase Lange Q&A; pg 301
True/False: The alignment of the x-ray tube affects shape distortion. True Lange Q&A; pg 298
What factors affect recorded detail/resolution? OID, SID, focal spot, patient factors, intensifying screens, motion Lange Q&A; pg 298
What occurs when the x-ray tube is angled? Elongation Lange Q&A; pg 303
What are rare earth phosphors? Gadolinium, lanthanum, yttrium Lange Q&A; pg 311
Recorded detail/spatial resolution increases as what factors are altered? Focal spot size decreases, SID increases, OID (magnification) decreases, motion decreases, (shape) distortion decreases, screen speed decreases Lange Q&A; pg 312
The product of millamperes and exposure time. Milliampere-seconds Lange Q&A; pg 316
What does filtration do? Reduces patient skin dose, minimum 2.5 mm Al equivalent, increases overall average energy of the x-ray beam Lange Q&A; pg 330
What is a pixel? Two dimensional, picture element, measured in XY direction Lange Q&A; pg 355
A graphic representation of pixel value distribution. Histogram Lange Q&A; pg 394
What is the film processor system? Transport system, replenishment system, temperature regulation system, recirculation system, washer system, dryer system Lange Q&A; pg 388
What does magnification do to patient dose? Increases patient dose due to having to increase the mA value. Lange Q&A; pg 482
Frequency's unit of measurement. Hertz Lange Q&A; pg 438
What causes a cracked anode? A single, large, excessive exposure to a cold anode. Lange Q&A; pg 449
What is voltage? potential difference existing between two points Lange Q&A; pg 309
What is quality control? regular measurement and evaluation of radiographic equipment components and their performance Lange Q&A; pg 304
What does window level relate to? brightness Lange Q&A; pg 300
What does window width relate to? Contrast Scale Lange Q&A; pg 300
What causes pitting of the focal track? Repeated, frequent overloading Lange Q&A; pg 280
True or False: X-ray tubes have atleast two filaments, one for each focal spot. True Lange Q&A; pg 453
What is the minimum response time of an AEC? shortest possible exposure time Lange Q&A; pg 280
All components of a circuit device located before the primary cold of a high voltage transformer are considered to be? Primary of low voltage Lange Q&A; pg 289
What is the photocathode made of? Photoemissive alloy Lange Q&A; pg 280
This type of radiation comprises 70-90% of the x-ray beam? Bremsstrahlung radiation Lange Q&A; pg 286
What is the relationship between kV and HVL? As kV increases, HVL increases Lange Q&A; pg 282
What are disadvantages of moving grids over stationary grids? they can prohibit the use of very short exposure times and they can increase patient radiation dose Lange Q&A; pg 286
What are the advantages of battery-powered mobile x-ray units? ability to store a large quantity of energy and to store energy for extended periods of time Lange Q&A; pg 290
What principle would an AEC device operate on? a photomultiplier tube charged by a fluorescent screen and a parallel plate ionization chamber charged by X-ray photons Lange Q&A; pg 290
What does the accurate operation of the AEC device depend on? positioning of the object with respect to the photocell and beam restriction Lange Q&A; pg 294
Factors that contribute to film fog include: The age of the film, excessive exposure to light, and processor chemistry Lange Q&A; pg 199
In comparison with 60 kV, 80 kV will Permit greater exposure latitude and produce more scatter radiation Lange Q&A; pg 203
Chemical fog may be attributed to Excessive developer temperature, oxidized developer, excessive replenishment Lange Q&A; pg 204
HVL is affected by the amount of kVp and beam filtration Lange Q&A; pg 212
A decrease from 200 to 100 mA will result in a decrease in what? Exposure rate and beam intensity Lange Q&A; pg 219
X-ray film emulsion is most sensitive to safe-light fog After exposure Lange Q&A; pg 225
What has the greatest effect on radiographic density / brightness? SID Lange Q&A; pg 225
Which of the following are methods used for x-ray film silver reclamation? Metallic replacement method and electrolytic method Lange Q&A; pg 230
X-ray tube failure is generally caused by: vaporized tungsten on glass envelope Lange Q&A; pg 259
Collimators on radiographic equipment must be evaluated how often? semi-annually Lange Q&A; pg 259
What does DQE refer to? DQE or Detective quantum efficiency refers to how efficient the phosphors are at detecting and interacting with x-ray photons. Lange Q&A; pg 220
What steps are involved in indirect image capture systems? Indirect image systems use a scintillator to convert x-ray photons to light. That light is then picked up by a photodectector and converted to an electrical signal that is transferred to the ADC (analogue-to-digital converter) Lange Q&A; pg 223
What is are compensating filters used for? A compensating filter is used on parts that have differences in density. The filter helps balance the uneven density by adding thickness to the part. Prevents the thin portion from being "burnt out" during exposure Lange Q&A; pg 229
What are the developing steps/stages for radiographic film in order? Developer, Fixer, Wash, and Dryer Lange Q&A; pg 228
(T/F) Histograms are unique to their respective body part. True Lange Q&A; pg 228
What is attenuation? Attenuation is the reduction of x-ray intensity as it passes through matter. Lange Q&A; pg 216
Created by: blbrown1
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