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nutrition biochem

QuestionAnswer
EAR ESTIMATED AVERAGE REQUIREMENT - daily - for 1/2 individuals in a particular stage or group
RDA RECOMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCE -- meets requirements of 97-98% of individuals
FORMULA OF RDA RDA= EAR + 2SD EAR
TOLERABLE UPPER INTAKE LEVEL highest average dietary intake level which poses no threat to general population
ESTIMATED ENERGY REQUIREMENT average energy intake to maintain an energy balance
ENERGY CONTENT OF FOOD calculated from heat released by total combustion of food in calorimeter
how is energy used by the body reesting metabolic rate - post absorptive state -- thermic effect - heat increases by 30 % during digestion and absorption -- exercise
AMDR -- ACCEPTABLE MACRONUTRIENT DISTRIBUTION RANGE range of intake for particular nutrient - reduces risk of chronic disease
trans fatty acid inc ldl -- dec in hdl -- inc in chd
unsat fatty acids dec ldl -- dec hdl -- dec chd
saturated fatty acids inc ldl -- no effect hdl -- inc chd
advantages of fibre soluble so dec ldl and inc fecal bile acid excretion -- reduces constipation, haemarrhoid formation, softens stool -- dec absorption of fat so inc fecal loss of c -- bowel motility inc so reduces carcinogen formation risk
low glycemic index sense of satiety over a longer period of time -- limits caloric intake
proteins from animal have higher quality contains all essential a.a.
positive nitrogen balance =i}E pregnancy/ childhood
negative nitrogen balance stress -- lack of a.a. -- surgery
how is excess protein eliminated from the body? deaminated -- used for energy -- provides acetyl coa for fa synthesis -- eliminated as urinary nitrogen
kwashikhor disease protein deprivation is GREATER than total caloric intake -- children over 1 year old -- edema in stomach anorexic --
Created by: ahmeda101
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