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World War II
For use on the World War II test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Treaty of Versailles | document that ended World War I and caused anger in Germany and Italy due to harsh conditions and loss of land |
| Great Depression | economic downturn that caused worldwide economic problems in the 1930's |
| Anschluss | German annexation of Austria in 1938 |
| Rhineland | area of land controlled by France after World War I, but taken over by the Germans in 1936 |
| Sudetenland | area of western Czechoslovakia taken by Germany |
| appeasement | policy of making concessions to avoid war |
| Non-Aggression Pact | deal between Germany and the Soviet Union not to fight each other and to divide up Poland |
| Phony War | time period after the invasion of Poland at the start of World War II where no fighting took place even though France and the UK had declared war on Germany |
| evacuation | removing people, especially children, from major cities in Europe in anticipation of war |
| blackout | blocking out all lights in a city in order to avoid being seen during and aerial attack |
| Allies | U.S., U.K., France, and the Soviet Union |
| Axis | Germany, Italy, Japan |
| Invasion of Poland | German attack that started World War II on September 1, 1939 |
| blitzkrieg | lightning war; coordinating planes, tanks, infantry to quickly overwhelm the enemy; used by Germany during World War II |
| Denmark | country overrun by Germany in 6 hours on April 9, 1940 |
| Norway | country overrun by Germany for its iron ore and ports |
| Battle of France | attack by Germany beginning on May 10, 1940 where France was defeated within 6 weeks |
| Maginot Line | concrete bunkers and fortifications France built as a defense on their border with Germany; was outflanked by Germany when they attacked through Belgium |
| Dunkirk | French and Britain retreat and rescue of over 330,000 troops across the English Channel |
| Winston Churchill | became Prime Minister of the U.K. on May 10, 1940 |
| Battle of Britain | German air attack on British military bases that was intended to eliminate the Royal Air Force (RAF) |
| Royal Air Force (RAF) | Royal Air Force of the U.K. that was able to hold of the German Luftwaffe and Operation Sealion |
| Operation Sealion | German plan to invade the U.K., but was cancelled |
| Luftwaffe | German air force that was started in 1935 |
| The Blitz | German Luftwaffe bombing of London and other British cities |
| Pearl Harbor | U.S. naval base that was attacked by Japan on December 7, 1941; brought the U.S. into World War II |
| Operation Torch | Allied invasion of North Africa; a second front used to help the Soviet Union |
| Operation Husky | Allied invasion of Sicily and Italy in order to advance into Europe |
| Operation Barbarossa | German invasion of the Soviet Union that began on June 22, 1941; largest military plan in history with over 4 million soldiers |
| Battle of Stalingrad | German attack on a Soviet city where over 2 million casualties occurred; the Soviets held off Germany and it became a turning point in World War II |
| Siege of Leningrad | Germans surround the city for nearly 900 days causing mass starvation and death; Soviets held on as the Germans ran out of supplies |
| rationing | limiting the availability of something by the government |
| Road of Life | 200 mile supply road built in 27 days to try to get supplies into Leningrad during the siege |
| Tanya Savicheva | Soviet girl who wrote a diary about her family members dying one by one during the Siege of Leningrad |
| Adolf Hitler | German leader during World War II; committed suicide on April 30, 1945 |
| Benito Mussolini | Italian Prime Minister who was executed on April 28, 1945 |
| Josef Stalin | leader of the Soviet Union during World War II |
| Franklin D. Roosevelt | American president through most of World War II |
| Harry S. Truman | American president at the end of World War II; authorized the dropping of the atomic bombs on Japan |
| Final Solution | The plan devised in 1941 to speed up the killing process (gas chambers and crematories) of Jews and other "undesirables" |
| Heinrich Himmler | architect of the Final Solution |
| Ovitz Family | family of seven dwarfs who survived experiments at Auschwitz; later moved to Israel after the war |
| Auschwitz | German concentration camp located in Poland; liberated in January of 1945 |
| Dr. Joseph Mengele | "Angel of Death" who conducted medical experiments at Auschwitz |
| Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | April 1943 Jewish resistance to German effort to send the remaining ghetto population to Treblinka; largest uprising of the war; first mass uprising in Nazi-occupied Europe |
| Atlantic Wall | defensive fortifications built along the western coast of Europe by Germany. Although never completed, it went from Denmark to Southern France. |
| Operation Overlord | June 6, 1944 invasion of Normandy, France to set up a Western front against Germany, most commonly called D-Day |
| Battle of the Bulge | a 1944-1945 battle in which Allied forces turned back the last major German offensive of World War II |
| Battle of Berlin | Allied invasion of Germany in 1945. US and UK attack mainly by air and Soviet Union attack mainly on foot and destroy most of the city |
| German Surrender | country is divided into four zones and occupied by UK, US, France, and the Soviet Union |
| V-E Day | May 8, 1945: formal end to World War II |
| atomic bombing of Japan | bombings of the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan by the US during the final stages of World War II in August 1945 |
| Japanese Surrender | the Japanese officially surrendered on September 2, 1945, on the battleship Missouri, and World War II came to an end (V-J Day) |
| Munich Conference | Meeting of Germany, France, Britain, and Italy in Munich, Germany in 1938 where Germany promised not to invade other countries |
| General Dwight D. Eisenhower | Supreme Allied Commander in Europe during World War II; later president of the U.S. |
| Field Marshal Erwin Rommel | Commander of Afrika Corps for Germany. later involved in planning of the Atlantic Wall; forced to commit suicide by Nazi leadership |
| Wermacht | unified armed forces of Nazi Germany |
| Operation Eiche | German special forces rescue Mussolini and attempt to return him to power in Italy |
| Operation Fortitude South | Allied plan to deceive Germany about where the actual invasion of France would take place |
| Beaches of Normandy | Utah, Omaha, Gold, Juno, and Sword |
Created by:
westrick
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