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Biochemistry- lipids

QuestionAnswer
what are the 5 categories of lipids? energy storage liptids, membrane lipids, emulsification lipids, messenger lipids, protective coating lipids
what is an example of energy storage lipid? triacylglycerols
What are examples of membrane lipids? phospholipids, shingolipids and cholesterol
what is an example of a emulsification lipid? bile acids
what are examples of messenger lipids? steroid hormones and eicosanoids
what is an example of a protective coating lipid? waxes
what are functions of lipids? constituent of cell membranes, energy reserve, protection, nerve impulse transmission, synthesis of hormones, emulsifying agent, synthesis of bile salts, source of fat soluble vitamins, temperature regulation
what are building blocks of lipids? fatty acids
what kind of bonds do saturated fatty acids contain? only single bonds between carbons
what is a monounsaturated fatty acid? contains only 1 double bond between carbons
what kind of bonds do unsaturated fatty acids contain? at least 1 double bond between carbons
what is a fatty acid that contains 2 or more double bonds between carbons? polyunsaturated fatty acid
what are key characteristics of all fatty acids? long carbon backbone, -COOH (carboxyl) at one end, H's at most other sites, zig-zag conformation
what is stearic acid an example of? a saturated fatty acid
what is oleic acid an example of? a monounsaturated fatty acid
what is inolenic acid an example of? a polyunsaturated fatty acid
how many types of fatty acids are there? 100s
what are the most abundant saturated fatty acids in humans? palmitic and stearic
what is the most abundant unsaturated fatty acid in humans? oleic
what causes fatty acids to be different? od carbons, degree of saturation and position of double bonds
how many carbons does palmitic fatty acid have? 16
how many carbons does stearic fatty acid have? 18
how many carbons does oleic fatty acid have? 18
what type of fatty acid is flexible? saturated fatty acids
at room temperature saturated fatty acids are_____. solid
at room temperature unsaturated fatty acids are____. liquid
most ______ fats have a high proportion of saturated fatty acids. animal
most ______ fats have a high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids. plant
the chains of saturated fats pack are _______together. Why? tightly packed because they are "straight"
the chains of unsaturated fats pack _______together. Why? not tightly packed because they bend in chain due to double bonds
what type of lipid is most abundant in nature and the body? energy- storing lipids
where is energy- stored lipids stored in the body? adipose tissue (tiny droplets of triacyglycerois in the cells of body fats)
what is the most concentrated energy source available to cells? triacylglycerols
what is the purpose of lipid deposits in adipose tissues? cushioning of vital organs and shock protection
What contributes to the texture, taste and smell of foods? Triacylglycerols
What makes up a triaclglycerol? A glycerol and 3 fatty acids
What are 3 characteristics of fats? Solid at room temperature, come from animal sources (exb butter or lard) and contain primarily saturated fatty acids
What are 3 characteristics of oils? Liquid atroom temperature, come from plant sources (ex. corn oil, olive oil) and mostly mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids
Created by: jmabert
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