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Respiratory system

chapter 15

QuestionAnswer
what respiratory system provide? provide the cells in the body.
What does it means to obtain with? with the means to obtain oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide
What is external nares? (nostrils): air enter the respiratory system
What is vestibule? is anterior portion of the nasal cavity, nose hair are located here
What form hard palate? by the maxillary and palatine bones, and form the floor of the nasal cavity and separates the nasal and oral cavity.
Where soft palate extend? extend behind the hard palate and lies under the nasopharynx.
air flow from where? from the vestibule to the internal nares through the conchae, allowing extra time for warming and humidifying the air.
where internal nares open? opening to the nasopharynx.
what is pharynx or other name for it? also called throat is a chamber shared by the digestive and respiratory tract.
Pharynx extend from where? extend from the internal nares to the entrancce of the larynx / esophagus.
What are the 3 divisions of pharynx nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx.
where nasopharynx extend extend from the internal nares to the posterior edge of the soft palate.
what does nasopharynx contains contains entrances to the auditory tubes and contains the pahryngeal tonsil.
where oropharynx extend? extend from the soft palate to the level of the hyoid bone. The palatine tonsils lie in the lateral walls of the oropharynx.
what lies in the lateral walls of the oropharynx? the palantine tonsils lie in the wall of the oropharynx.
where laryngopharynx extends? extends from the hyoid bone to the level of the esophagus.
Larynx contains contain epiglottis and glottis
What is epiglottis? (made of cartilage) fold over the glottis.It preventing food from entering the trachea
What is glottis? air passes trough this narrow opening after leaving the laryngopharynx; surrounded by the larynx.
what forms thyroid cartilage forms the anterior and lateral surfaces of the larynx, a prominent ridge on the anterior surface form the Adams's Apple.
what form the Adam's Apple? A prominent ridge on the anterior surface forms the Adam's Apple.
What is cricoid cartilage provides posterior support to the larynx.
What is the level of trachea also known as? (windpipe) level of C-6 to T-5, walls are separated by 15-20 tracheal cartilages.
What is aspiration? is foreign object becomes lodged in the larynx
What is heimlich maneuver compression to the abdomen just below the diaphragm to expel contents from the respiratory tract
What is intubation is insertion of a tube into the pharynx and glottis to allow airflow
What is tracheostomy? is incision made in anterior wall to insert tube, the tube passes the larynx and permits airflow directly into the trachea.
the trachea branches in the ___________, to form the___________________________________. the trachea branches in the mediastinum to form the right and left primary bronchi
The right primary brochi____________________. the right primary bronchi is larger in diameter and descend at a stepper angle; a foreign object would most likely enter the right bronchi.
as the primary bronchi enter each lung, they branch off into secondary bronchi, which enter each lobe of the lung.
what secondary bronchi divide to: secondary bronchi divide to form 9-10 tertiary bronchi, which divide repeatedly
bronchioles when the cartilage disappears completely, they become bronchioles.
Bronchioles branch bronchioles branches further into terminal bronchioles
terminal bronchi divide terminal bronchial divides into several respiratory bronchioles.
Alveolar ducts is respiratory bronchioles open into a passageway called a alveolar duct
duct open to the duct open to an alveolar sac which contains many single alveoli
Alveoli is the gas exchange surface of the lung.
what is pulmonary embolism the blockage of a branch of a pulmonary artery caused by a drifting blood clot, stopping blood flow to a group of lobules or alveoli
the right lung has how many lobes? The right lung has three lobes: superior, middle and inferior
The left lung has how many lobes? the left lung has 2 lobes: superior and inferior
each lobe has divide by what? each lobe is divided by fissures
Apex rounded superior portion of each lung
Base concave inferior portion of each lung which rest on the diaphragm
pleural cavities separated by: pleural cavities are separated by the mediastinum
Each lung occupies what each lung occupies and single pleural cavity lined by a serous membrane called the pleura
Both pleural layers_________ both pleural layers visceral and parietal secrete pleural fluid
Thoracentesis is is removal of pleural fluid with a long needle for diagnostic purposes
pneumothorax is air in the pleural cavity caused by an injury
Atelectasis is collapsed lung due to a pneumothorax
Hemothorax is is blood in the pleural cavity (space)
Pulmonary ventilation is is physical movement of air in and out of the respiratory system
Respiratory cycle is is an inhalation and exhalation
Respiratory rate is is number of breath per minute
Cystic fibrosis inherited disease of mucus glands; thick mucus causing blockakes
Croup is viral infection that causes swelling at the subglottic portion of the trachea; causes a "barking" cough.
Pneumonia is inflammation of the lung
Tuberculosis is airbone disease caused by the bacteria mycobacterium tuberculosis
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)is chronic obstructed airways
bronchitis is inflammation of the brochi
Emphysema destructive changes in brochioles that cause a dramatic increase in the volume of air in the lungs, not able to fully exhale
Asthma is narrowing of airways(inflammation) because of an increase responsiveness of the bronchial tree due to various stimuli.
Pleural effusion is fluid in the pleural cavity
Empyema is pus in the pleural space
Hemothorax is blood in the pleural space
Apnea cessation of breathing
Dyspnea difficulty breathing
Epistaxis nose bleed.
Created by: flhp2006
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