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CT Review 5

Patient care & Contrast Media

TermDefinition
What are the 4 vital signs that you may be asked to assess? 1.temp (98.4-98.8 adult) 2.pulse (60-90 adult) 3.respiration (14-20 per min, adult) 4.blood pressure
What is shock? body's pathological reaction to illness, trauma, or severe physiologic or emotional stress. can be caused by body fluid loss, cardiac failure, decreased tone of blood vessels, or obstruction of blood flow to vital organs.
What is anaphylactic shock? result of a exaggerated hypersensitivity reaction to re-exposure to an antigen that was previously encountered by body's immune system
What are the 4 types of contrast? 1.IV-intravenous 2.oral 3.intrathecal- mylograms 4.intraarticular- arthogram
What is the difference between non-ionic contrast and ionic contrast? 1.non-ionic molecules remain intact causing less pt reaction 2.ionic breaks into ion pairs when introduced into blood
What is osmolality? concentration of iodine particles in a solution
What is viscosity? thickness of a liquid
What are the 3 types of allergic reactions? 1. minor 2. moderate 3. severe
What are the 3 phases of enhancement? 1.bolus 2.non-equilibrium 3.equilibrium
The amount of time it takes the contrast to get to each phase is dependent on what 3 things? 1.renal function 2.body habitus 3.where pt injected
Untreated shock progress until the circulatory system fails to support vital body functions resulting in? LOC & death
What is the vein of choice for venipuncture? anticubital
Warming the contrast can reduce what? allergic reactions
Premedicating with corticosteroids has been shown to do what? reduce the incidence and severity of contrast reactions
What drug can be used in conjunction with corticosteroids to help limit allergic reactions to contrast? benadryl
In the bolus phase what is the difference between the aorta and inferior vena cava? 30Hu
When doing a oral and IV study before equilibrium phase you would do that for what? lesions
When doing a CT Angiogram you need to program ___?___ slices in the direction of blood flow. thin
Slice thickness for CT Angiography should ___?___ for post processing imaging. overlap
What are the preferred needle gauge sizes for IV fluids and contrast? 20-22 gauge
What is used for sedation of small children? chlorahydrate
What is the formula used for children when injecting IV contrast? 1ml per pound
What is the average range for blood pressure of an adult? 110-140 Systolic over 60-90 Diastolic
What should be done for a pt after injection for a mylogram? pt should be rolled to prevent laying of contrast and CSF
In what order should these 3 exams be preformed; BE, CT abd, and gastro intestinal series? 1. CT abd 2. BE 3. Gastro intestinal series
Where should the tourniquet be place prior to injection? 3 to 4 inches above venipuncture site
What are some minor allergice reactions? nausea, warmth, metallic taste, dizziness, feeling of urination, minor hives, itching, headaches
What are some moderate allergic reactions? moderate hives, hypo-hypertensive, broncho spasms, pulse rate change, wheezing, facial edema
What are some severe allergic reactions? overt broncho spasms, hypo-tension, seizures, laryngeal edema, pulmonary edema, life threatening arrhythmia, death
What is Glucophage? most popular metformin diabetes drug utilized
What is Glucagon? drug used to inhibit peristalsis
What is the % of barium in oral contrast? 1% to 3%
What are the types of shock? hypovolemic, cardiogenic, neurogenic, insulin
What is the range for prothrombin time (PT) 11-12.5 sec
What is the range for partial thromboplastin time (PTT)? 60-80 secs
What is the range for platelets? 150,000-350,000 cu mm
What are the signs of extravasation? redness, coolness, at or above the venipuncture site
What is extravasation? a discharge or escape, as of blood, from a vessel into the tissues; blood or other substance so discharged.
What is inflitration? is the diffusion or accumulation (in a tissue or cells) of substances not normal to it or in amounts in excess of the normal.
Created by: Chrslarsen
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